نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی تأثیر مواد هومیکی در شکل‌های شیمیایی کادمیم در خاک منطقۀ دفن زبالۀ ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانش آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم زمین شناسی-زیست محیطی، دانشکدۀ علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 دانشیار گروه علوم زمین شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه

4 استاد گروه علوم شیمی تجزیه، دانشکدۀ علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

تحرک‌پذیری فلزات سنگین نقش مؤثری در آلودگی خاک و آب‌های زیرزمینی دارد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تأثیر لئوناردیت (Leonardite) بر توزیع شکل‌هایی ژئوشیمیایی کادمیم (Cd) در خاک متراکم شده منطقۀ دفن زبالۀ ارومیه بود. بدین منظور، نمونۀ خاک از محل دفن زباله‌ها برداشت شد و ویژگی‌های فیزیکی-شیمیایی و کانی شناسی رس تعیین شد. مقادیر 0، 5/2، 5، 5/7 و 10 درصد از لئوناردیت به خاک‌ اضافه شد و سپس خاک­های تیمار شده داخل ستون­ها متراکم شدند. محلول کادمیم (100 میلی گرم در لیتر) به ستون­ها اضافه گردید و نمونه برداری از خاک ستون‌ها بعد از گذشت 72 روز از سه عمق (سطحی، وسط و تحتانی) جهت تعیین شکل‌های شیمیایی کادمیم در خاک انجام شد. خاک مورد مطالعه با 9/43% رس و کانی­های غالب ایلیت (49%)، اسمکتیت (21%) و کائولینیت (5/20%) کلریت (5/9%) بود. تراکم، نفوذ محلول و غلظت Cd در لایه های میانی و تحتانی را کاهش داد ولی لئوناردیت غلظت Cd محلول رویی را نسبت به شاهد 10 برابر افزایش داد. همچنین تیمار لئوناردیت شکل‌های ژئوشیمیایی Cd (اکسیدهای آهن-منگنز، تبادلی و کربناته) لایۀ سطحی را کاهش داد (P<0.001) ولی باعث افزایش 54 درصدی کادمیم پیوند شده به کربن آلی شد. نتیجه می‌شود که کاربرد لئوناردیت در کنترل عناصر سنگین در خاک متراکم شده توصیه نمی­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of humic substances on the geochemical forms of cadmium in Urmia landfill soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behnam Dovlati 1
  • Mohammad Mahdi sheykholeslami Al Agha 2
  • Hosein Pirkharrati 3
  • Khalil Farhadi 4

1 Assistance Professor, Department of Soil Science, Urmia University

2 q

3 q

4 q

چکیده [English]

The mobility of heavy metals plays an important role in soil and groundwater contamination. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of leonardite on distribution of chemical forms of cadmium (Cd) in the compacted soil of Urmia landfill. For this purpose, soil samples were collected from the landfill and physico-chemical properties and clay mineralogy was determined. The rate of leonardite (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 %) were added to soils and then treatment soils compacted in the columns. Cadmium solution (100 mg/l) poured to the soils and then soil samples collected from three depths of column (surface, middle and subsurface) after 72 days for determine chemical forms of Cd in soils. The studied soil contain 43.9% clay and illite (49%), montmorillonite (21%) kaolinite (20.5%) and chlorite 9.5% were dominate clay in soil. Compaction reduced the infiltration rete and concentration of Cd in the middle and subsurface layers but application of leonardite increased the Cd concentration in supernatant more than 10 times compared to control. Also, geochemical forms of Cd (Fe-Mn oxides, exchangeable and carbonate forms) decreased in the surface layer (P<0.001) of leonardite treatment but, resulted in increase 54% of Cd bonded to organic carbon. It was concluded that the use of leonardite to stabiles of heavy metals in compacted soil is not recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical forms of Cadmium
  • Landfill
  • Clay minerals
  • Compaction
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 70، شماره 3
آذر 1396
صفحه 597-608