جانمایی مکان مناسب احداث مارینا در سواحل جزیرة کیش با استفاده از فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای (ANP)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 مهندسین مشاور سازه‌پردازی ایران، کارشناس مهندسی و مدیریت سواحل، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2024.368401.2624

چکیده

مارینا که به آن بندر کوچک، بندر تفریحی یا محوطة بندری گفته می‌شود، فضایی بندری برای پهلوگرفتن و استقرار قایق‌های کوچک و تفریحی است. چنانچه معیارها و ملاحظات محیط­زیستی در مکان­ یابی این دسته از بندرگاه­ ها مورد استفاده قرار نگیرد ضمن پیامدهای محیط­ زیستی، عملکرد خدماتی و اقتصادی آن از دست خواهد رفت. جزیرة کیش یکی از جزایر فعال در حوزة گردشگری در کشور است که ضمن فعالیت شمار زیادی شناور سبک و نیمه‌سبک در حوزة گردشگری ساحلی-دریایی، فعالیت شناورهای سبک اختصاصی افراد نیز در این جزیره، روبه‌رشد است. جزیرة کیش از حیث زیستگاه آب سنگ ­های مرجانی و مکان ­های تخم‌گذاری لاک ­پشتان دریایی، آسیب‌پذیر است و تراکم بالای ساخت‌وسازها در پیکرة جزیره، مکان احداث مارینا را با توجه‌ به خدمات پشتیبانی آن چالش‌برانگیز می­ نماید. هدف این تحقیق انتخاب مناسب‌ترین گزینة مکانی برای احداث مارینا در نوار ساحلی جزیرة کیش و اولویت‌بندی گزینه‌های محتمل است تا از طریق شناسایی مکان مناسب بتوان توسعة گردشگری دریایی در کیش را منطبق بر اصول توسعة پایدار فراهم نمود. به‌همین منظور معیارهای مکان‌یابی، مشتمل بر 8 معیار (4 معیار الزامی و 4 معیار ترجیحی)، شناسایی و پهنه­های بالقوة اولیه تعیین شد. سپس با استفاده از تحلیل شبکه‌ای با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Decision Super پهنه‌های شناسایی شده، اولویت‌بندی شدند. مطابق نتایج تحلیل شبکه‌ای، معیارهای کاربری منطقة ساحلی، راه‌های دسترسی در پس‌کرانه، فاصله از گردشگاه‌ها و مراکز تفریحی و همچنین دسترسی به شبکة زیرساخت به‌ترتیب دارای بیشترین وزن و اولویت تعیین شدند. مطابق یافته‌های این تحقیق، 4 پهنه مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت و در مجموع از حدود 41 کیلومتر طول خط ساحلی جزیرة کیش، 4/3 کیلومتر (%10/5) برای احداث مارینا واجد شایستگی تعیین شد که حدود 2 کیلومتر (4% طول خط ساحلی) دارای بالاترین شایستگی برای توسعة مارینا است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designation the suitable site for MARINA development on Kish shoreline by analytical network process (ANP)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojdeh Hatami 1
  • Afshin Danehkar 1
  • Saeed Lotfikhah 2
  • Fereydoon Taheri 3

1 Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

2 Department of Coastal Engineering and Management, Darya Pajouh Sazeh Pardazi Consulting Eng. Co. Tehran, Iran.

3 Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Marina, which is called a small harbor, recreational harbor, or harbor area, is a port space for mooring and settling small and recreational boats. Environmental features and considerations will be lost in the location of this category of ports, along with its environmental, service, and economic consequences. Kish Island is one of the active islands in the field of tourism in the country, in addition to the activities of many light and semi-light boats in the field of coastal-marine tourism, the activity of individual light boats is also growing on this island. Kish Island is vulnerable in terms of the habitat of coral reefs and sea turtle nesting sites, and the high density of constructions on the island makes it challenging to build a marina in terms of its support services. The purpose of this research is to choose the most suitable option for the construction of a marina on the coastal strip of Kish Island and to prioritize the possible options in order to identify a suitable place for the development of tourism in Kish in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. For this purpose, location criteria, consisting of 8 (4 features and 4 characteristics), characteristics, and potential areas have been determined. Then, from the analysis of the networks using the Super decision software, the identified zones have been prioritized. According to the results of the network analysis, the use options of the coastal areas, the access ways in the back bank, the distance from the promenades and entertainment centers, as well as the possibility of accessing the infrastructure network, are determined with the highest weight and criteria.Based on the findings of this research, 4 areas were identified and in total, 4.3 km (10.5%) of the 41 km long coastline of Kish Island was determined to be suitable for the construction of a marina, which is about 2 km (4% long line Coastal) has the highest merit for marina development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Kish island
  • Marina
  • Marine tourism
  • Network analysis
  • Site selection
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