نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی و مدیریت ریسک محیط‌ زیستی در دکل‌های حفاری دریایی در حوزة خلیج فارس با روش EFMEA

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و فناوری زیستی، دانشکدة علوم و فناوری نانو و زیستی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکدة نفت، گاز و پتروشیمی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2023.366336.2606

چکیده

با توجه به خطرات متعدد محیط­ زیستی صنایع نفت و گاز، ارزیابی ریسک­ محیط­ زیستی این فعالیت­ ها از مهم­ترین جنبه ­های شناسایی و ارائۀ راهکارهای مدیریتی کاهش این ریسک ­ها محسوب می­ گردد. تحقیق حاضر با هدف شناسایی جنبه­ های ­ریسک محیط­ زیستی و ارائة راهکارهای عملی و پیشگیرانه در جهت تقلیل یا حذف اثرات محیط ­زیستی در دکل­ های حفاری دریایی واقع در منطقة پارس ­جنوبی با استفاده از روش تجزیه و تحلیل حالات شکست و اثرات آن بر محیط­ زیست (EFMEA) آن انجام شد. بدین­ منظور برای ارزیابی جنبه ­های ریسک محیط ­زیستی، عدد اولویت ریسک براساس مشاهدات عینی، مصاحبه با مدیریت، سرپرستان و کارکنان در دکل­ های حفاری تعیین گردید و درجة مخاطره­ پذیری نیز با استفاده از روش توزیع فراوانی محاسبه شد. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که جنبه ­های ریسک محیط­ زیستی در سطح ریسک پایین، متوسط، بالا و خیلی بالا به‌ترتیب برابر با 3، 3، 13و 80 درصد بودند که پس از اعمال اقدامات کنترلی درصد ریسک به‌ترتیب برابر با 9، 19، 28 و 44 ارزیابی شدند. افزایش درصد ریسک ­های محیط­ زیستی سطح متوسط تا بالا به­ علت کاهش معنی ­دار ریسک­ های خیلی بالا و قرارگرفتن آن­ها در این طبقات بودند. بر مبنای نتایج به‌دست آمده فوران ­چاه و نشت و پخش مواد شیمیایی به­ ترتیب بالاترین عدد ریسک را در مطالعۀ حاضر به‌خود اختصاص داد که با اعمال اقدامات کنترلی میزان ریسک محیط ­زیستی حاصل از آن­ها به­ طور چشمگیری کاهش یافت. بر این مبنا می­ توان بیان کرد که روش EFMEA از پتانسیل بالایی جهت کاهش مخاطرات محیط ­زیستی برخوردار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Environmental risk assessment and management in offshore drilling rigs in the Persian Gulf using the EFMEA method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Radsa 1
  • Mohsen Nowrouzi 1
  • َAmir Rostami 2

1 Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.

2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum, Gas, and Petrochemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Considering the numerous environmental risks of oil and gas industries, the environmental risk assessment of these activities is considered one of the most important aspects of identifying and providing management solutions to reduce these risks. The current research aims to identify environmental risk aspects and provide practical and preventive solutions to reduce or eliminate environmental effects in offshore drilling rigs located in South Pars region using the method of Environmental Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (EFMEA). In order to evaluate the aspects of environmental risk, the risk priority number was determined based on objective observations, interviews with management, supervisors and employees in drilling rigs, and the degree of risk was calculated using the frequency distribution method. The results of this research showed that the aspects of environmental risk at low, medium, high and very high-risk levels were equal to 3, 3, 13 and 80%, respectively, and after applying control measures, the percentage of risk was equal to 9, 19, 28 and 44 were evaluated. The increase in the percentage of medium to high level environmental risks was due to the significant reduction of very high risks and their placement in these classes. Based on the obtained results, well eruption, leakage, and spreading of chemical substances respectively had the highest risk number in the current study, and by applying control measures, the amount of environmental risk resulting from them was significantly reduced. Based on this, it can be said that the EFMEA method had a high potential to reduce environmental risks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • EFMEA method
  • South Pars
  • Sustainable development
  • Persian Gulf
  • Offshore drilling rig
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 77، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1403
صفحه 29-41