مدل‌سازی مخاطرات محیطی چندگانه در مناطق حفاظت‌شده (مطالعة منطقة حفاظت‌شدة کوه خامین: استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه علوم جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2023.365968.2604

چکیده

ارائة راهکارهای مدیریتی و برنامه ­ریزی مؤثر برای جلوگیری/کاهش تخریب رخ داده در اکوسیستم ­های مناطق حفاظت‌شده وابسته به نقشه ­سازی و تعیین میزان قرارگیری در معرض مخاطرات محیطی چندگانه در این مناطق است. بنابراین هدف این مطالعه نیز بررسی در معرض قرار گرفتن منطقة حفاظت‌شدة کوه خامین استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد به مخاطرات محیطی چندگانه بود.  بدین‌منظور پس از نقشه ­سازی و محاسبة مقادیر ریسک تعداد 8 مخاطرة محیطی شامل خشکسالی، تبخیر و تعرق، آتش ­سوزی، دماهای بیشینه، سیلاب، زمین لغزش، شدت بهره­برداری چوب و شدت فعالیت­های گردشگری در سطح سلول­های شبکه و نیز تعیین وزن نسبی هر یک از مخاطرات با استفاده از روش دلفی، نقشة تغییرات مکانی نمایه در معرض قرار گرفتن در سطح منطقة حفاظت‌شده تهیه شد. نتایج نشان داد که دو مخاطرة خشکسالی و آتش ­سوزی دارای بیشترین وزن نسبی و سیلاب و زمین لغزش نیز دارای کمترین وزن نسبی در میان تمامی مخاطرات مورد بررسی بودند. نقشه­سازی تغییرات مکانی نمایه در معرض قرار گرفتن در سطح منطقة حفاظت‌شده نشان داد که 23 درصد از کل وسعت منطقه در طبقات کم و بسیار کم و 33 درصد نیز در طبقات زیاد و بسیار زیاد نمایة در معرض قرار گرفتن قرار داشتند. گستره ­های دارای سطح بسیار زیاد نمایة در معرض قرار گرفتن به‌طور عمده در بخش­ های شرقی و شمالی منطقه و گستره­ های دارای سطح بسیار کم و کم نمایه نیز در بخش­ های مرکزی منطقه قرار داشتند. نتایج این تحقیق توانسته است ضمن تهیة نقشه دقیق مکانی شدت وقوع مخاطرات محیطی چندگانه، اطلاعات ضروری برای اجرای فرآیند ارزیابی آسیب­ پذیری در منطقة حفاظت‌شدة کوه خامین را نیز فراهم آورد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling of multiple environmental hazards in protected areas (A study of Kouh-e-Khamin protected area: Kohgiluyeh-Boyer Ahmad Province)

نویسنده [English]

  • Davood Mafi-Gholami

Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Erath Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Enhancing management solutions and effective planning to prevent or mitigate the destruction occurring in ecosystems within protected areas relies heavily on the comprehensive mapping and assessment of exposure to various environmental hazards. Consequently, the primary objective of this study was to systematically map multiple environmental hazards and compute the exposure index across the Kouh-e-Khamin protected area in Kohgiluyeh-Boyer Ahmad province. The methodology involved mapping and calculating the risk values associated with eight environmental hazards, namely drought, evapotranspiration, wildfire, maximum temperatures, floods, landslides, the intensity of exploitation, and tourism activities. Through the utilization of the Delphi method to determine the relative weight of each hazard, a spatially explicit map depicting changes in the exposure index throughout the protected area was generated. The findings underscored that drought and wildfire exhibited the highest relative weight, while flood and landslide demonstrated the lowest relative weight among all environmental hazards. Spatial analysis of the exposure index indicated that 23% of the protected area fell within the low and very low exposure classes, while 33% were classified in the high and very high exposure classes. Areas with a very high level of exposure were predominantly situated in the eastern and northern sectors, whereas regions with very low and low exposure levels were concentrated in the central parts of the protected area. This research, by furnishing an accurate spatial representation of the severity of multiple environmental hazards, has contributed vital information for the facilitation of the vulnerability assessment process in the Kouh-e-Khamin protected area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Delphi method
  • Exposure index
  • Geographic information system
  • Grid cell
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