نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی میزان ذخیرۀ کربن آبی در جنگل‌های مانگرو استان بوشهر (نایبند و مل‌گنزه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

پژوهشگاه ملی اقیانوس شناسی و علوم جوی، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jne.2023.351769.2495

چکیده

جنگل‌های مانگرو نقش مؤثری در جذب دی‌اکسید کربن جو و مقابله با افزایش گازهای گلخانه‌ای و اثرات انسانی گرمایش جهانی دارند. هدف کلی این مطالعه برطرف کردن خلاء اطلاعاتی ذخیرۀ کربن در جنگل‌های مانگرو استان بوشهر است. در این مطالعه، ذخیرۀ کربن کل و یک متر فوقانی خاک و همچنین درختان جنگل‌های مانگرو استان بوشهر (نایبند و مل­گنزه) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. برای این کار، تعیین میزان کربن رسوبات در مغزه‌های رسوبی و اندازه‌گیری قطر تنه و ارتفاع درختان در 12 ایستگاه انجام شد. پردازش تصاویر ماهواره‌ای نشان داد مساحت کلی جنگل مانگرو نایبند و مل‌گنزه به‌ترتیب 141 و 14 هکتار است که 73 درصد آن را جنگل‌های متراکم تشکیل می‌دهد. نتایج نشان داد، میانگین کربن یک متر فوقانی خاک حرای نایبند و مل­گنزه به‌ترتیب 158 و 190 تن بر هکتار است که در محدودۀ میانگین جهانی مانگروهای نواحی خشک قرار دارد. میزان کل کربن در یک متر فوقانی خاک مانگروهای منطقه 25000 تن برآورد شد که 89 درصد آن در مانگروهای خلیج نایبند تثبیت شده است. خاک و درختان رویشگاه‌های مانگرو نایبند و مل­گنزه جمعاً 59/5هزار تن کربن معادل 218 هزار تن دی‌اکسید کربن در خود ذخیره کرده‌اند که از این میزان 28/5هزار تن در خاک و بقیه (31 هزار تن) در زی‌تودة درختان مانگرو ذخیره و از جو زمین خارج شده است. برآوردها نشان می‌دهد در صورت تخریب کامل جنگل‌های حرای منطقه، بیش از 155 هزار تن دی‌اکسید کربن وارد جو خواهد شد. بررسی میزان کربن کل عمق خاک به ما این امکان را داد که برای اولین بار میزان کربن کل رویشگاه‌های مانگرو استان بوشهر ارزیابی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the blue carbon sequestration in the mangrove forests of Bushehr Province (Nayband and Melgonze)

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Hamzeh

Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Mangrove forests have an important role in carbon dioxide stabilization and modification of increasing greenhouse gases and the human effects of global warming. The main purpose of this study is to eliminate the information gap of carbon storage in the mangrove forests of Bushehr province. In this study, the total carbon storage and the top 1 m, and total soil depth of soil as well as the carbon stored in mangrove trees in the mangrove forest of Bushehr Province (Nayband and Melgonze) were evaluated. The amount of sediment carbon in sediment cores and the diameter of breast height and height of trees were measured in 12 stations in the area. Satellite imagery showed that the area of the Nayband and Melgonze mangrove forests is 141 and 14 ha, respectively, 73% of which is high-density forest. The results showed that the average carbon content of the top 1m of Nayband and Melgonze mangrove forests is 158 and 190 tons per hectare (t ha-1) respectively, which is within the range of the global average in arid mangroves. The amount of carbon in the top 1m of Bushehr mangrove soil was estimated at 25000 tons, 89% of which is sequestered in Nayband mangroves. Soil and mangrove trees in the area have sequestered 59500 tonnes of carbon (equivalent to 218 tonnes of CO2) 28500 tonnes of which is stored in soil and the rest (31000 tonnes) is sequestered by mangrove trees. Estimates show that if the mangrove forests of the area are completely deforested, more than 155000 tons of carbon dioxide will re-mineralize into the atmosphere. Evaluating the carbon content of the total soil depth enabled us to estimate the total carbon content of mangrove habitats in Bushehr province for the first time.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bushehr
  • Carbon fixation
  • Mangrove
  • Climate change
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 75، ویژه نامه محیط زیست ساحلی و دریایی
اسفند 1401
صفحه 184-197