تأثیر تولید ناخالص داخلی، توسعة مالی و مصرف انرژی بر کیفیت محیط زیست: با تأکید بر شش شاخص محیط‌‌ زیستی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه مدیریت و حسابداری، مؤسسه آموزش عالی آیندگان، تنکابن، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2023.346356.2469

چکیده

موضوع تولید پاک و توسعة پایدار به‌دلیل ارتباط پویای بین رشد اقتصادی و کیفیت محیط‌زیست، توجه بسیاری از محققین را به‌خود اختصاص داده است. با توجه به این پیشینه، هدف از این تحقیق، ایجاد چارچوبی برای کشف درک مناسبی از سیاست­ های اقتصادی در رابطه با محیط‌زیست پایدار با نگاهی به نقش تعدیلی توسعة مالی می ­باشد. در این راستا، با استفاده از تخمین­ زن گشتاورهای تعمیم­یافتة سیستمی، نقش توسعة مالی در اثرگذاری رشد اقتصادی بر شش شاخص محیط‌­زیستی در 30 کشور منتخب سازمان همکاری و توسعة اقتصادی (OECD) طی دورة زمانی 2000 تا 2019 بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که توأم با اثرگذاری رشد اقتصادی بر هر یک از شاخص ­های ردپای اکولوژیک، پس‌انداز خالص تعدیل­ شده، فشار بر طبیعت و عملکرد محیط‌­زیست، توسعة مالی این اثر را تضعیف می­ کند. این در حالی است که در مورد شاخص ­های پایداری و آسیب‌پذیری محیط‌زیست رابطة معنی‌داری مشاهده نشده است. به‌عبارتی دیگر، تأثیر منفی رشد اقتصادی بر کیفیت محیط‌زیست، مستقل از توسعة مالی نیست؛ به‌طوری که به تدریج با بهبود توسعة مالی، رشد اقتصادی اثر منفی کمتری بر کیفیت محیط‌زیست خواهد داشت. علاوه بر این، نتایج نشان داد که بر مبنای هر شش شاخص محیط‌زیستی، مصرف انرژی منجر به تخریب محیط‌زیست می­شود. در حالی که بازبودن تجاری و توسعة مالی دارای اثر مثبت بر کیفیت محیط‌زیست می­ باشند. با توجه به نقش مهم و کلیدی توسعة مالی در تعدیل اثر منفی رشد اقتصادی بر کیفیت محیط‌زیست، پیشنهاد می ­شود که دولت­ ها در سیاست­ های کلان خود، تقویت بخش توسعة مالی را مد نظر قرار دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of gross domestic product, financial development, energy consumption on environmental quality: with emphasis on six environmental indicators

نویسنده [English]

  • Hossein Ali Fakher

Department of Management and Accounting, Ayandegan Institute of Higher Education, Tonekabon, Iran

چکیده [English]

The dynamic link between economic growth and environmental quality has drawn the attention of numerous scholars to the problem of clean production and sustainable development. In light of this backdrop, the aim of this study is to provide a framework for discovering a good understanding of economic policies in connection to sustainable environments by looking at the mediating role of financial development. In this regard, the System Generalized Method of Moment (SYS-GMM) estimator is used to investigate the role of financial development in the effect of economic growth on six environmental indicators for selected 30 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries from 2000 to 2019. The results showed that along with the effect of economic growth on each of the environmental indicators, including ecological footprint, adjusted net savings, pressure on nature, and environmental performance, financial development weakens this effect. Meanwhile, no significant relationship has been observed regarding the indicators of environmental sustainability and environmental vulnerability. In other words, the negative impact of economic growth on environmental quality is not independent of financial development; so that with the gradual improvement of financial development, economic growth will have a less negative impact on the quality of the environment. Moreover, regarding each of the environmental indicators, energy consumption has a positive effect on environmental degradation. However, trade openness and financial development have positive influences on environmental quality. Given the critical role of financial development in mitigating the detrimental effects of economic growth on the quality of the environment, governments are urged to boost the financial development sector in their macroeconomic policies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Financial development
  • Gross domestic product
  • Environmental indicators
  • Energy consumption
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