بررسی ریسک محیط زیستی فلزات سنگین سرب و کادمیوم با استفاده از مدل Ecofate، مطالعة موردی: تالاب شادگان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

2 گروه زیست‌شناسی دریایی، دانشکده علوم دریایی و اقیانوسی، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی، خرمشهر، ایران

10.22059/jne.2023.351975.2500

چکیده

تالاب شادگان بر اثر فعالیت‌های انسانی همواره در معرض آلودگی با فلزات سنگین قرار دارد. هدف از این تحقیق، ارزیابی ریسک محیط زیستی تالاب شادگان ناشی از ورود فلزات سنگین سرب و کادمیوم به تالاب می‌باشد. بدین منظور، از آب و رسوب تالاب نمونه‌برداری شد و به روش جذب اتمی و سیستم کورة گرافیکی با استفاده از دستگاه Perkin Elmer 4100، غلظت فلزات در آب و رسوب اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج، غلظت سرب و کادمیوم در آب را بالاتر از استانداردهای سازمان بهداشت جهانی و آژانس حفاظت محیط زیست آمریکا (EPA) نشان داد و غلظت این دو فلز در رسوب تالاب پایین‌تر از استانداردهای مذکور بود. با استفاده از خروجی‌های مدل اکوفیت (Ecofate)، ارزیابی ریسک با روش کسر ریسک (RQ) انجام شد. براساس نتایج، برای سرب موجود در آب و در رسوب، ریسک متوسط، کادمیوم موجود در آب  حداقل ریسک و برای کادمیوم موجود در رسوبات، حداکثر ریسک برآورد شد. ضریب همبستگی پیرسون رابطة قوی و معنی‌دار بین کادمیوم موجود در آب و کادمیوم موجود در رسوب را نشان داد (0/05>P) بنابراین، ریسک اکولوژیک تالاب، ناشی از انباشت این فلز در رسوبات تالاب را به همراه داشته است. بنابراین، ملاحظات محیط زیستی صحیح باید در تالاب شادگان مدنظر قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the environmental risk of lead and cadmium heavy metals using the Ecofate model, case study: Shadgan wetland

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Ayad Mohammadi 1
  • Fatemeh Karimi Organi 1
  • Ahmad Savari 2
  • Soolmaz Dashti 1
  • Azita Koushafar 1

1 Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine and Oceanic Sciences, University of Marine Sciences and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran

چکیده [English]

Due to human activities, Shadgan wetland is always exposed to heavy metal pollution. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the environmental risk of Shadgan wetland caused by the entry of heavy metals lead and cadmium into the wetland. For this purpose, the water and sediment of the wetland were sampled and the concentration of metals in the water and sediment was measured by atomic absorption method and graphic furnace system using a device (Perkin Elmer 4100). The results showed that the concentration of lead and cadmium in the water was higher than the standards of the World Health Organization and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The concentration of these two metals in the lagoon sediment was lower than the standards. Using the outputs of the Ecofate model, risk assessment was done with the risk reduction (RQ) method. Based on the results, moderate risk was estimated for lead in water and in sediment, minimum risk for cadmium in water, and maximum risk for cadmium in sediments. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a strong and significant relationship between cadmium in water and cadmium in sediment (P>0.05), so the ecological risk of the wetland caused by the accumulation of this metal in the sediments of the wetland has been brought about, so the correct environmental considerations in Shadgan wetland should always be taken into consideration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk Assessment
  • Heavy Metals
  • Sedimentation
  • Ecofate Model
  • RQ
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