نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی میزان مشارکت مردمی در کاهش آلودگی هوا و عوامل اقتصادی-اجتماعی مؤثر بر آن (مطالعة منطقة یک شهر مشهد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه برنامه‌ریزی محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة محیط‌‌ زیست، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و محیط‌ زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 گروه برنامه‌ریزی مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة محیط‌‌ زیست، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2022.348273.2467

چکیده

آلودگی هوا عمدتاً نتیجة پدیدة شهرنشینی و صنعتی شدن است که با توسعة شهرها و تبدیل آن‌ها به کلان شهرها اثر خود را بیشتر نشان می‌دهد و باعث مشکلات عدیده‌ای برای سلامتی انسان ساکن در این شهرها گردیده است. افزایش مشارکت افراد در حل مسائل مربوط به محیط‌ زیست به‌طور عام و آلودگی هوا به‌طور خاص، مستلزم شناخت نگرش مردم به‌عنوان مهمترین گروه هدف متأثر از پیامدهای آلودگی هوا است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی میزان مشارکت شهروندان مشهدی در کاهش آلودگی هوا و عوامل مؤثر بر آن در منطقة یک شهر مشهد انجام گرفت. ابزار تحقیق جهت جمع‌آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه می‌باشد، با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد ۳۸۵ نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونة آماری انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان داد که میزان آگاهی شهروندان از پیامدهای آلودگی هوا به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از حد متوسط است. میزان مشارکت شهروندان در کاهش آلودگی هوا به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از حد متوسط بوده و بیشترین همکاری در زمینة جداسازی بازیافت و خرید از محل با فراوانی 33/9 درصد بود. همچنین از بین عوامل مورد ارزیابی فقط دو شاخص آگاهی از پیامدهای آلودگی هوا و میزان تحصیلات بیشترین تأثیر را بر میزان تمایل به مشارکت در کاهش آلودگی هوا داشتند. بین سایر عوامل جمعیت‌شناختی مثل سن، جنسیت، وضعیت تأهل، درآمد ماهیانه و تعداد اعضای خانوار با میزان تمایل به مشارکت در کاهش آلودگی هوا رابطة معنی‌داری وجود نداشت. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که مشارکت شهروندان در کاهش آلودگی هوا نیازمند آموزش همگانی، تأمین زیر ساخت‌ها و سیاست‌گذاری‌های صحیح می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the level of public participation in reducing air pollution and socio-economic factors affecting it (Case study: Distract NO. 1 of Mashhad city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Minooie 1
  • Azadeh Karimi 2
  • Lobat Zebardast 3

1 Department of Environmental Planning, Management and Education, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural resource and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad Iran.

3 Department of Environmental Planning, Management and Education, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Air pollution is mainly the result of urbanization and industrialization, which is more effective with the development of cities and their transformation into metropolises. This phenomenon has caused many problems for health of humans living in these cities. Increasing people's participation in solving environmental issues in general and air pollution in particular requires understanding people’s attitudes of people, as the most important target group affected by the consequences of air pollution. The present study was conducted based on a social survey with the aim of assessing the level of participation of Mashhad citizens in reducing air pollution and identifying underlying factors affecting their participation in region one of Mashhad. The results showed that citizens' awareness of the consequences of air pollution was significantly higher than average. Citizens' participation and interaction in reducing air pollution was significantly higher than average and the most cooperation was related to separating reusable materials and on-site purchase with a frequency of 33.9%. Among the factors evaluated, only two indicators, awareness of the consequences of air pollution and education, have had the greatest impact on participation in reducing air pollution. There was no significant relationship between other demographic factors such as age, gender, marital status, monthly income, number of household members, etc. with the level of participation in reducing air pollution. Findings show that citizen participation in reducing air pollution requires public education, improving infrastructure and selecting proper policies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Air pollution
  • Environmental knowledge
  • Public participation
  • Urban management
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 76، شماره 4
اسفند 1402
صفحه 605-617