برآورد قیمت سایه‌ای انتشار گاز متان در روش‌های جایگزین کشت غرقابی برنج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jne.2022.345805.2453

چکیده

گرمایش جهانی و تغییرات آب و هوایی به‌علّت افزایش انتشار گازهای گلخانه ­ای، به‌سطح هشداردهنده رسیده است. یکی از گازهای مؤثر در تشدید این پدیده، گاز متان است. شالیزارهای برنج به‌عنوان یکی از مهمترین منابع اصلی انتشار آن شناخته می‌شوند، به­ طوری­ که کشت این محصول، 22 درصد از کل متان بخش کشاورزی را منتشر می‌کند. روش ­های کشت و مدیریت آب از جمله آبیاری تناوبی و خشکه­ کاری می‌تواند به کاهش انتشار این گاز کمک کند. از این‌رو در مطالعة حاضر، با استفاده از اطلاعات سال 1395، هزینه­ های محیط زیستی انتشار گازهای گلخانه ­ای شالیزارهای برنج در سه سناریو «کشت سنتی یا آبیاری غرقابی»، «آبیاری تناوبی» و «خشکه‌کاری»  با استفاده از الگوی مرزی تصادفی مسافت-ستانده برآورد شد. بر اساس نتایج، هزینه ­های محیط زیستی انتشار سالانة متان در شالیزارهای کشور در روش سنتی، تناوبی و خشکه‌کاری به‌ترتیب برابر با 633، 356 و 352 میلیارد ریال است. همچنین قیمت سایه­ای هر کیلوگرم متان در این سناریوها به‌ترتیب 5056، 5808 و 5737 ریال محاسبه شد. یافته­ های این مطالعه نشان داد که روش ­های آبیاری تناوبی و خشکه کاری می‌تواند جایگزین مناسبی به‌جای روش سنتی در جهت کاهش آلاینده ­ها و هزینه­ های محیط ­زیستی باشند. از طرفی بایستی اقدامات لازم جهت دستیابی به توسعة پایدار از طریق درونی­سازی این هزینه ­ها انجام گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the shadow price of methane emissions in alternative methods of rice cultivation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nezam Zakariyaei
  • Hamed Najafi Alamdarlo
  • Seyed Habibollah Mosavi

Department of Agricultural Economic, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Global warming and climate changes have reached a warning level due to greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. One of the most effective gases in global warming is methane and rice paddy fields is one of the most important sources of CH4 emission. In addition, rice paddies release 22% of total methane in agriculture sector. Techniques for cultivation and management water, can help reduce the emission of this greenhouse gas. In this study, using the data of 2016, the environmental costs of greenhouse gas emissions of rice yield in three scenarios (traditional cultivation or flood irrigation, periodic irrigation and dry direct-seeded) has been estimated by using stochastic frontier of output-distance. Based on the results, the environmental costs of the annual greenhouse gas emissions of the country's rice fields in the traditional, periodic irrigation and dry direct-seeded methods are equal to 633, 356 and 352 billion Rials, respectively. Also, the shadow price of methane per kg in these scenarios was calculated to be 5056, 5808, and 5737 rials, respectively. The findings of this study showed that periodic irrigation and dry direct-seeded methods could be an alternative to traditional methods to reduce pollutants and environmental costs. On the other hand, policies must be taken to achieve sustainable development and environmental protection through the internalization of these costs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rice
  • Input Distance Function
  • Methane
  • Shadow price
  • Environmental abatement Cost
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