بررسی سمیت حاد و آسیب‌های هیستوپاتولوژی علفکش پاراکوآت در pH، سختی و دماهای مختلف در ماهی گامبوزیا Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859
نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران.
چکیده
کمتر از 0/1درصد از میزان آفت کش های مصرفی به آفات می رسند و بقیه وارد محیط زیست شده و منابع آبی را آلوده کرده و تأثیرات نامطلوبی بر ماهیان می گذارند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی سمیت حاد و آسیب شناسی بافتی پاراکوآت در pH، سختی و دماهای مختلف بر روی ماهی گامبوزیا (Gambusia holbrooki) انجام شده است. سمیت حاد پارآکوات به‌مدت 96 ساعت بر روی ماهی مورد مطالعه انجام شد و پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی آب از قبیل 10 و 7، 5 =pH، سختی= 0، 200 و 400 میلی گرم بر لیتر و دما= 18، 25 و 30 درجة سانتی گراد تنظیم شد و آسیب شناسی بافتی پارآکوات بر روی بافت آبشش و رودة ماهی گامبوزیا بعد از 21 روز بررسی شد. مقادیر سمیت کشندة میانة (LC50) علفکش پارآکوات برای 96 ساعت بر روی ماهی G. holbrooki در 10 و 7، 5 = pH به ترتیب برابر 13/80، 17/78و 15/48 میلی گرم بر لیتر، در سختی= 0، 200 و 400 میلیگرم بر لیتر به ترتیب برابر 7/94، 19/49 و 36/30 میلی گرم بر لیتر و در دما= 18، 25 و 30 درجة سانتی گراد به ترتیب برابر 64/55، 51/28 و 25/70 میلی گرم بر لیتر می باشد. آسیب شناسی بافتی پارآکوات در 5 =pH شامل هایپرپلازی، انحنا، همجوشی و کوتاه شدن لاملاهای ثانویه می باشد و از آسیب شناسی بافتی پاراکوآت در رودة ماهی گامبوزیا در 5 =pH شامل تورم سلول های گابلت، افزایش تعداد سلول های گابلت و نکروز و فرسایش می باشد. غلظت های تحت حاد علف کش پاراکوآت می تواند اثرات نامطلوبی بر بافت آبشش و رودة ماهی گامبوزیا داشته باشد که شدت آن بستگی به ویژگیهای فیزیکوشیمیایی محیط آبی دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Acute toxicity and histopathological changes in gill and intestine of Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859 fish exposed to paraquat at different pH, hardness and temperatures
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohammad Hossein Sayadi
- Javad Kharkan
- Hossein Shekari
- Ayoob Rezaei
Department of of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Inevitably, less than 0.1% of pesticides used for pest control reach their target pests and the rest enter the environment and pollute water resources causing adverse effects on fish. This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity and histopathological damage of paraquat at different pH, hardness and temperatures on Gambusia holbrooki. Acute toxicity of paraquat was performed for 96 h and the physicochemical parameters were adjusted viz. pH 5, 7 and 10, hardness 0, 200 and 400 mg/L and temperature 18, 25 and 30 °C. Then, the histopathological effects of paraquat on gill tissue and intestine of Gambosia holbrooki were then evaluated after 21 days. Acute toxicity of Paraquat herbicide on Gambusia fish at pH = 5, 7 and 10, equal to 13.80, 17.78 and 15.48 mg/L, hardness= 0, 200 and 400 mg/L, equal to 7.94, 19.49 and 36.30 mg/L and temperatures= 18, 25 and 30°C were 64.56, 51.28 and 25.70 mg/L, respectively. Histopathological lesions of paraquat toxin in the gills of Gambusia holbrooki at pH=5 mg/L included hyperplasia, curvature, a fusion of lamellae and lamellar synechiae. Histopathological lesions of paraquat toxin in the intestine of Gambusia holbrooki demonstrated swelling and a higher number of goblet cells, necrosis and erosion. According to the present study results, it can be safely concluded that acute toxicity concentrations of paraquat herbicide can have adverse effects on gills and intestines of Gambusia holbrooki, the severity of which depends on the physicochemical properties of the aquatic environment.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Higher number of goblet cells
- Physicochemical parameters
- Acute toxicity
- Lamellar synechiae
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