تشدید زیستی تجزیة هیدروکربن‌های نفتی خاک به روش درمحل با استفاده از کنسرسیوم میکروبی بومی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی شیمی و نفت، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

حذف آلاینده‌های نفتی از خاک با توجه به اثرات ناخوشایندی که بر انسان و سایر موجودات زنده می‌گذارند، یک ضرورت محیط زیستی است. پالایش زیستی یکی از بهترین روش­ های تیمار به‌لحاظ ملاحضات محیط زیستی و اقتصادی، برای حذف درمحل هیدرورکربن­ ها از خاک‌های آلوده است. در این روش، استفاده از میکروارگانیسم ­های بومی می‌تواند حداقل آشفتگی در زیست‌بوم خاک ایجاد کند بنابراین خاک تیمار‌شده، فعالیت زیستی خود را برای انجام امور کشاورزی، حفظ می‌نماید. در این پژوهش، امکان تجزیة زیستی هیدورکربن ­های نفتی از خاک­ های آلوده در حوضچه­ های گل حفاری موسوم به مادپیت واقع در منطقة بهره برداری نفت­ شهر استان کرمانشاه، توسط میکروارگانیسم­ های بومی انجام گرفت. به‌منظور ارزیابی تحریک زیستی، دو تیمار شخم تنها و شخم همراه با kg/m2 0/1 اوره به‌عنوان منبع تأمین­ کنندة نیتروژن اعمال شد. به‌منظور ارزیابی تشدید زیستی علاوه بر شخم و افزودن اوره، سوسپانسیون کنسرسیوم میکروبی بومی (متشکل از گونه ­های باکتریایی Bacillus thuringiensis و  Arthrobacter citreus و گونة مخمر تولید‌کنندة بیوسورفکتانت Candida catenulata به مقدار mL/m2 100 به خاک افزوده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در تیمار تحریک زیستی با انجام شخم زدن و افزودن اوره در مقایسه با شاهد، درصد حذف هیدروکربن­ های نفتی از %10/73 به %53/83 طی مدت 120 روز افزایش می­ یابد. همچنین فرآیند تشدید زیستی توانست در حذف مؤثر ترکیبات نفتی به‌میزان %74 طی مدت مشابه مؤثر باشد. حذف قسمت عمدة هیدروکربن­ های سنگین  (C12<)، و سرعت تجزیة زیستی بالاتر از مزایای استفاده از فرآیند تشدید زیستی توسط کنسرسیوم میکروبی در کار حاضر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Bioaugmentation of in-situ degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon from soil by indigenous microbial consortium

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Hozhabri 1
  • Alireza Habibi 2
  • Ali Beheshti Ale Agha 1
  • Rouhallah Sharifi 3

1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faulty of Enginnering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Removals of petroleum contaminants from soil is an environmental necessity due to the negative impacts on human and other living organisms. In environmental and economic aspects, biodegradation is the best treating methods for in-situ removal of hydrocarbons from contaminated soil. In this method, application of indigenous microorganisms could minimize perturbation of the soil ecosystem, and thus the treated soil could maintain biological activities for agriculture prepuces after the treatment. In this study, the potential of removal of crude oil contamination from soil by biodegradation process was evaluated in mud pit zones in Naft Shahr resource. In order to evaluate biostimulation, two treatments were applied; plowing alone and plowing together with 0.1 kg/m2 of urea as a source of nitrogen. In order to evaluate bioagumentation, in addition to plowing and adding urea, a suspension of native microbial consortium (consisting of Bacillus thuringiensis, Arthrobacter citreus, and Candida catenulata (a biosurfactant producer yeast)) was added to the soil in an amount of 100 mL/m2. The results indicated that the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal was increased from 10.73% to 53.83% after 120 days by the biostimulation treatment. Also, bioagumentation could remove up to 74% of TPH at the same conditions. In this study, removals of main heavy hydrocarbons (> C12) and higher biodegradation rate were the advantages of bioagumentation process by the microbial consortium.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Indigenous bacteria
  • Biodegradation
  • Removal of hydrocarbon pollutants
  • Microbial consortium
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