تحلیل رفتار مشارکتی گردشگران در حفاظت از جنگل بر اساس نظریة رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده (مطالعة موردی: منطقة جنگلی قلعه‌گل شهرستان خرم‌آباد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران

2 گروه توسعة روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران

چکیده

   گردشگری طبیعت‌محور، یکی از گونه ­های مهم گردشگری است که ابزاری مناسب برای حفاظت از منابع طبیعی به‌شمار می ­رود. تحقیق توصیفی-پیمایشی حاضر با هدف تحلیل رفتار مشارکتی گردشگران در حفاظت از جنگل بر مبنای نظریة رفتار برنامه ­ریزی شده در منطقة جنگلی قلعه ­گل شهرستان خرم‌آباد انجام شد. بدین منظور،  364 گردشگر که از منطقة جنگلی قلعه­ گل بازدید نموده بودند که با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس مورد پیمایش قرار گرفتند. برای گرد‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسش­نامه محقق‌ساخت استفاده شد. روایی محتوایی پرسشنامه­ ها با  نظرسنجی از متخصصان تأیید و روایی سازه و پایایی ابزار نیز از طریق بررسی برازش مدل در دو سطح مدل اندازه ­گیری و مدل ساختاری به‌دست آمد. یافته‏ های تحقیق نشان داد که مدل اولیه رفتار برنامه ­ریزی شده (TPB) به‌ترتیب 63 و 52 درصد از نیت و رفتار محیط‌زیست گرایانه گردشگران را در حفاظت از جنگل تبیین می­ کند.  سه متغیر اصلی  نظریة رفتار برنامه ­ریزی شده شامل نگرش (ATT)، کنترل رفتاری درک‌شده (PBC) و  هنجار ذهنی (SN) بود که همة آن‏ ها تأثیرات مثبتی بر قصد گردشگران در حفاظت از جنگل  داشتند. همچنین در تئوری توسعة یافته رفتار برنامه‏ ریزی شده با گنجاندن متغیر نگرانی محیط‌زیستی (EC) 4 درصد قدرت تبیین متغیر رفتار گردشگران افزایش یافت. در تحقیق حاضر نگرش گردشگران به‌عنوان مهمترین فاکتور شناسایی شد، بنابراین سیاست ­گذاران با تأکید  بر آن می ‏توانند در حفظ منابع طبیعی و جنگل مؤثر باشند. از سوی دیگر لازم است که سیاست ­های حمایتی برای حفاظت از جنگل با تأکید بر مشارکت گردشگران تدوین و اجرا شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of participatory behavior of tourists in the protection forest based on the theory of planned behavior (Case study: Qalehgol forest area of Khorramabad city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • َAkram Latifinia 1
  • Rahim Maleknia 1
  • Mehdi Rahimian 2

1 Department of Forestry,,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan , Iran

2 Department of Development Rural, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Nature-based tourism is one of the important types of tourism that is considered as a suitable tool for of natural resources protection. The present descriptive-survey research using the theory of planned behavior, was conducted to analyze the participatory behavior of tourists in forest protection in the ​​Qaleh Gol, Khorramabad city. For this purpose, 364 tourists who had visited the study area were surveyed by available sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts and the validity of the structure and the reliability of the instrument were obtained by examining the fit of the model at two levels of the measurement model and the structural model. Findings showed that the initial model of planned behavior (TPB), which explains 63% and 52% of the intentions and environmental behavior of tourists in forest protection, respectively. The three main variables of the theory of planned behavior included attitude (ATT), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and subjective beliefs (SN), all of which had positive effects on tourists' intentions to protect the forest. Extended planned behavior with the inclusion of the environmental concern (EC) variable increased by 4% the power to explain the variable of tourist behavior.In the present study, the attitude of tourists was identified as the most important factor, so policymakers can maintain it by emphasizing it. Natural resources and forests are effective. On the other hand, it is necessary to formulate and implement supportive policies for forest protection with an emphasis on tourist participation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nature-based tourism
  • Theory of Planned Behavior
  • Attitude
  • Mental norm
  • Perceived behavioral control
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