نقش سرمایة اجتماعی بر رفتار حفاظت از مرتع در میان دامداران منطقة سارال در استان کردستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

چکیده

مراتع یکی از منابع مهم تجدیدپذیر است که نقش اساسی در حفظ و پایداری محیط‏ زیست، منابع آب و خاک و تأمین معیشت جوامع روستایی دارد. اما در چند سال‌های گذشته، به ‏دلیل چرای بی‌رویه، بسیاری از مراتع به ‏شدت در معرض فرسایش و نابودی قرار گرفتند. بنابراین، یکی از راهکارهای مهم جهت حفاظت از مراتع که در تحقیقات گذشته کمتر به آن توجه شده است، تغییر رفتار دامداران به سوی رفتارهای دوستدارانه در محیط است. بنابراین، ایدة اصلی این پژوهش کشف عوامل تعیین‌کننده در بکارگیری رفتار حفاظت از مرتع در میان دامداران غرب ایران بود. بنابراین، این پژوهش با هدف کلی  نقش سرمایة اجتماعی بر رفتار حفاظت از مرتع در میان دامداران انجام شد. جامعة آماری تحقیق شامل کلیة دامداران منطقه سارال در استان کردستان بود که به روش نمونه‏ گیری چندمرحله ‏ای با انتساب متناسب برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی تحقیق پرسشنامه ‏ای بود که روایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که دامداران مطالعه شده رفتارهای حفاظت از مرتع را به خوبی انجام نمی‏ دهند. علاوه بر این، نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که ابعاد سرمایه اجتماعی (هنجار اجتماعی، آگاهی اجتماعی، کنش جمعی، انسجام اجتماعی، اعتماد اجتماعی) قادر است 65/2 درصد از رفتار حفاظت از مرتع را تبیین نماید. در این راستا به سیاست‏گذاران این حوزه پیشنهاد می ‏شود با تشکیل تعاونی‏ ها و برگزاری دوره‏‏ های آموزشی در زمینة حفاظت از مرتع از تخریب بیش‏ از حد آن جلوگیری نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The role of social capital on rangeland conservation behavior among Saral region ranchers in Kurdistan province

نویسنده [English]

  • Moslem Savari

Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

چکیده [English]

Rangelands are one of the most important renewable resources that play a vital role in the preservation and sustainability of the environment, water and soil resources, and livelihood security for rural communities. However, overgrazing has led to severe soil erosion on many rangelands in recent years. An important strategy for rangeland conservation, which has received less attention in previous research, is to change rancher behavior in a pro-environmental direction. Therefore, this study focused on determining the factors that influence ranchers' use of rangeland conservation behaviors (RCB) in western Iran. Therefore, this study was conducted with the general aim of the role of social capital on rangeland conservation behavior among ranchers. The study statistical population consisted of all ranchers in the Saral district of Kurdistan province (Western Iran) who were selected through a multistage stratified sampling procedure with appropriate allocation. The main research tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results of this study showed that the studied ranchers do not perform rangeland conservation behaviors well and in addition, the results of regression analysis showed that the dimensions of social capital (social norm, social awareness, collective action, social cohesion, social trust) are able Explains 65.2% of rangeland conservation behavior. In this regard, policymakers in this field are suggested to prevent its excessive destruction by forming cooperatives and holding training courses in the field of rangeland protection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rangeland conservation behavior
  • Natural environment
  • Sustainable development
  • Social capital
  • Ranchers
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