بررسی بهسازی زیستی باکتری‌های تجزیه ‌کننده ترکیبات نفتی جداشده از خاک‌های آلوده به مواد نفتی در حضور فنانترن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

2 گروه شیمی و شیمی دارویی، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تنکابن، تنکابن، ایران

چکیده

هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ای، یک گروه از آلاینده‌های محیطی در خاک هستند‌ که به ‌دلیل سمیت، اثرات موتاژن و کارسینوژن باعث نگرانی‌های زیادی در حوزه محیط زیست شده‌اند. از طرفی نیز فرآیند بهسازی زیستی به‌ عنوان راهکاری شایسته برای بهسازی خاک‌های آلوده مورد توجه بسیاری از پژوهشگران و محققان قرار گرفته است. از این ‌رو، هدف از پژوهش حاضر، جداسازی، شناسایی و ارزیابی توان رشد باکتری‌های تجزیه‌کننده ترکیبات نفتی جدا شده از خاک‌های آلوده به مواد نفتی در حضور فنانترن در جهت بهسازی زیستی است. بدین منظور، در این مطالعه ابتدا 25 نمونه خاک از عمق Cm 35-0 سانتی‌متری مناطق آلوده به مواد نفتی واقع در جنوب ایران (منطقه بوشهر) جمع‌آوری شد. سپس از نمونه‌های خاک در محیط‌های کشت مناسب، باکتری‌های تجزیه ‌کننده مواد نفتی جداسازی شدند. در ادامه، باکتری‌های جداسازی شده با روش‌های بیوشیمیایی مانند (آزمون اکسیداز، آزمون کاتالاز) و همچنین روش‌های میکروبی از قبیل (رنگ‌آمیزی گرم، رنگ‌آمیزی اسپور و ایجاد رنگ فلورسانس) شناسایی شدند. در این پژوهش، از بین 60 باکتری تجزیه­‌کننده مواد نفتی در حضور فنانترن، 19 باکتری به نام‌های PDB 1-19 تعیین گردید. در نهایت، باکتری‌های PDB 19 Chryseobacterium spp، PDB 8 Sphingobacterium spp، PDB 13 Acinetobacter johnsonii و PDB 10 Achromobacter xylosoxidans به‌‌ عنوان کارآترین باکتری‌ها انتخاب شدند. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان می­دهد که با شناسایی و غربالگری باکتری‌های موثر و بهره‌گیری از توان میکروبی آن­ها و ایجاد شرایط بهینه می‌توان در مقیاس صنعتی و کاربردی در جهت بهسازی زیستی خاک‌های آلوده به مواد نفتی اقدام کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Bioremediation of Bacteria Degrading Petroleum Compounds Isolated from Petroleum Contaminated Soils in the Presence of Phenanthrene

نویسندگان [English]

  • Meysam Pashaee 1
  • Shahab Ojani 2

1 Young researchers and elite club, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch. Karaj. Iran

2 Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Young researchers and elite club. Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran

چکیده [English]

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of environmental contaminants in the soil that have caused concerns due to toxicity, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. The bioremedial process has been considered as a suitable solution for the improvement of contaminated soils by many researchers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate, identify and evaluate the growth potential of bacteria degrading petroleum compounds isolated from soil contaminated with petroleum products in the presence of phenanthrene for biological improvement. In this study, 25 soil samples were first collected from 0-35 Cm depth of oil-contaminated areas located in southern Iran (the Bushehr region) and then isolated from suitable culture media of oil-degrading bacteria. Afterward, the isolated bacteria were identified by biochemical methods such as oxidase test and catalase test, and microbial methods such as gram staining, spores staining, and fluorescence staining. In this study, out of 60 oil-degrading bacteria, 19 bacteria called PDB 1-19 were determined in the presence of phenanthrene. Finally, PDB 19 Chryseobacterium spp, PDB 8 Sphingobacterium spp, PDB 13 Acinetobacter johnsonii, and PDB 10 Achromobacter xylosoxidans were selected as the most efficient bacteria. The results of this study show that by identifying and screening effective bacteria, utilizing their microbial potentials, and creating optimal conditions, they can be used to bioremediate oil-contaminated soils at industrial and applied scales.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Degrading bacteria
  • Bioremediation
  • Soil
  • Phenanthrene
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