نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی دقت نتایج داده‌های رودخانه‌های بالا دست و رودخانة پایاب سد در برآورد نیاز آبی محیط‌زیستی در مدل PHABSIM

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

رودخانه­ ها از آسیب پذیرترین اکوسیستم­ ها در جهان هستند، به‌همین دلیل تعیین و تأمین حداقل نیاز آبی محیط‌زیستی برای حفظ کارکردهای اکولوژیک آن‌ها و حفظ سلامت اکوسیستم رودخانه ­ها موضوع بسیار پیچیده ­ای از نظر علمی و فنی، مدیریتی، اجرائی و در نهایت اجتماعی و اقتصادی است. به‌منظور تعیین نیاز آبی محیط‌زیستی رودخانة آزاد که یکی از رودخانه­ های مهم استان کردستان است، پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از مدل PHABSIM صورت گرفت. در این پژوهش صحت داده‌های رودخانه ­های بالادست در مقایسه با رودخانة  پایاب سد در برآورد میزان نیاز آبی محیط‌زیستی مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. در این راستا داده ­های عمق و سرعت مناسب آب و شاخص کف بستر مناسب رودخانه برای زیست گونة شاخص ماهی در ماه ­های دی، بهمن و اسفند سال 1397 و فروردین و اردیبهشت سال 1398 به‌عنوان داده ورودی مدل مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در روش استفاده از داده ­های بالا‌دست میزان نیاز آبی محاسبه شده برای فروردین و اسفند ماه به‌ترتیب برابر با  m3/s 6/7  و m3/s 4/7 است و همین میزان نیاز بر اساس داده­های خود رودخانة آزاد به‌ترتیب برابر با  m3/s 4/4  و m3/s 4/2 است این در حالی است که میزان جریان کمینه رودخانه در بازة زمانی 1366 تا 1389 برابر با m3/s 7/327  و m3/s7/779 است که این امر نشان می­ دهد داده ­های به‌دست آمده از روش جمع نیاز آبی سر شاخه­ ها در مقایسه با برآورد نیاز آبی در خود رودخانه دارای نزدیکی بیشتری به حداقل جریان در بازة زمانی 1366 تا 1389 است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the accuracy of the results of upstream and downstream river data in estimating environmental flow using PHABSIM model (Case study: Azad Dam basin)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hana Azizi
  • Jamil Amanollahi

Department of Environment Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Rivers are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems in the world, so determining and providing the minimum environmental flow to maintain their ecological functions, as well as maintaining the health of river ecosystems is a very complex issue in terms of: scientific and technical, managerial, executive and finally social and economic. In order to determine the environmental flow of Azad River, which is one of the most important rivers in Kurdistan Province, the present study was conducted using the PHABSIM model. In this study, the accuracy of upstream river data in comparison with the dam downstream river in estimating environmental flow was tested. In this regard, data on suitable water depth, appropriate water velocity and suitable substrate index for fish index species in January, February and March 2016 and April and May 2017 were used as model input data. The results showed that in the method of using upstream data, the amount of water requirement calculated for April and March is equal to 6.7 m3/s and 4.7 m3/s, respectively. And the same amount of need according to the data of the Azad River is equal to 4.4 m3/s and 4.2 m3/s, respectively, while the minimum flow rate of the river in the period 1987 to 1389 is equal to 7.327 m3/s and 7.779 m3/s. This indicates that the data obtained from the summing method of water requirement of upstream is closer to the minimum flow in the period 1987 to 2010 compared to the estimated environmental flow in the Azad river.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental flow
  • PHABSIM model
  • Fish index specie
  • Water velocity
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 75، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
تیر 1401
صفحه 240-252