سنتزپژوهی و بررسی اهمیت خدمات و کارکردهای باغ‌های اجتماعی
نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه کشاورزی اکولوژیک، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
با افزایش جمعیت و مهاجرت توجه به تأمین امنیت غذایی، افزایش انسجام اجتماعی و فرهنگی در شهرها اهمیت دوچندانی یافته است. به‌عنوان یک رهیافت برای تحقق انسجام اجتماعی و توسعة سرمایه اجتماعی، باغ اجتماعی که یک قطعه زمین در منطقة شهری است و توسط یک گروه از شهروندان که در آن به کار باغبانی مشغول هستند و جایگاه مهمی در توسعة شهری یافته است. از آنجا که شناخت کارکردهای باغ اجتماعی می‌تواند راهنمای سیاست‌گذاران و برنامه‌ریزان برای توسعة شهری باشد. در این تحقیق، کارکردهای این نوع باغ‌ها با رویکرد کیفی و با استفاده از سنتزپژوهی شاخص‌ها و مؤلفه‌های مرتبط با باغ‌های اجتماعی بررسی گردید. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، خدمات و کارکردهای این باغ‌ها در هشت بعد اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، سیاسی، محیط‌زیستی، اکولوژیکی، آموزشی و سلامت دسته‌بندی شده که هریک از این ابعاد دارای مولفه‌هایی با ارزش متفاوت است. بر همین اساس پرسشنامه‌ای با هشت بعد و 125 مؤلفه طراحی شد. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه 92 نفر تعیین شد و اطلاعات از جامعة آماری که به‌صورت کاملاً تصادفی از بین جامعة آماری انتخاب شده در شهرستان کرج از طریق پرسشنامه محقق ساخته، اطلاعات جمع‌آوری شد. روایی پرسشنامه از دیدگاه و تجربیات اساتید و متخصین و پایایی با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (89/0) تأیید شد. نتایج نشان داد که از این هشت کارکرد به‌ترتیب بعد آموزشی، محیط‌زیستی و سلامتی این باغ‌ها حائز بیشترین اهمیت هستند. این تحقیق نقش و جایگاه این باغ‌ها را در شهرسازی به‌خوبی تبیین نموده و در طراحی شهر و شهرسازی می‌تواند به‌عنوان یکی از ارکان و کاربری‌های مهم مدنظر قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigating the services and functions of community gardens: A synthsis analysis
نویسندگان [English]
- Ramin Alivand
- Omid Noori
- Hadi Veisi
- Reza Deihimfard
Environmental Sciences Research Institute ,Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Given the mounting population and migration to cities, fastidious attention to food security is indispensable to increasing social and cultural cohesion. A community garden is a plot of land in an urban area, it is planted by a group of citizens who are engaged in gardening. The community garden is an approach is considered by policymakers and urban planners for honing social cohesion and security due to its functions and services. In this research, these functions of community gardens have been investigated using a qualitative approach via synthesizing respective indicators and components. Based on the research findings, the services and functions of community gardens are clustered into eight groups with different valuable components. Accordingly, a questionnaire was designed with eight dimensions and 125 components. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size of 92 people was selected and information from a sample of Karaj city was collected. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed through an expert panel of scientists and specialists, and the reliability of tests was measured via Cronbach’s alpha (0.89). The results showed that amongst the eight services and functions investigated, the educational dimension was ranked highest followed by environmental and health dimensions, respectively. The functions of these gardens in urban planning are well explained and in the design of the city and urban planning can be considered important elements and uses. Based on the results, it was suggested to embed the valuing of ecosystem services particularly the social functions of social gardens in architecture and urban development policies.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Services and functions
- Community garden
- Synthesis research
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