نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

تأثیر منابع طبیعی، سرمایۀ انسانی و سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی بر ردپای اکولوژیکی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد،دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

3 استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

ردپای اکولوژیکی نوعی ابزار حسابداری منابع برای ارزیابی منابع محیط زیستی است. در سال‌های اخیر، تقاضای انسان از طبیعت بیش از تحمل ظرفیت سیاره شده است و بیشتر کشورها با مشکل کسری اکولوژیکی روبه‌رو هستند. در این مقاله تأثیر منابع طبیعی، سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و سرمایۀ انسانی بر ردپای اکولوژیکی ایران در طی سال‌های 1359 تا 1398 با استفاده از روش خودبازگشت با وقفه‌های توزیعی و علیت گرنجری بررسی شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که منابع طبیعی در بلندمدت تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر ردپای اکولوژیکی دارد. سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و سرمایۀ انسانی نیز در کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت تأثیر مثبتی بر ردپای اکولوژیکی دارد. الگوی تصحیح خطا در این پژوهش 0/94- است؛ یعنی اگر از یک دوره به دورۀ دیگر حرکت صورت گیرد، به میزان 0/94 درصد انحراف متغیر وابسته (ردپای اکولوژیکی) از مسیر بلندمدت توسط متغیرهای مستقل تصحیح می‌شود. بنابراین تعدیل به‌سمت بلندمدت با سرعت صورت می‌گیرد. نتایج علیت گرنجری حاکی از رابطۀ علیت دوطرفه بین منابع طبیعی و ردپای اکولوژیکی است. اما بین سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و ردپای اکولوژیکی و نیز بین سرمایۀ انسانی و ردپای اکولوژیکی رابطۀ علّی وجود ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of natural resources, human capital, and foreign direct investment on the ecological footprint in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadis Hatami 1
  • Ali Sayehmiri 2
  • Salah Ebrahimi 3

1 M.Sc. Student of Economics, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran

2 Associated Professor, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran

چکیده [English]

The ecological footprint is a resource accounting tool that helps countries to assess their environmental resources. In recent years, human demand for nature has exceeded the capacity of the planet, and most countries are facing ecological deficit problems. Due to the importance of the issue, in this article, the impact of natural resources, foreign direct investment, and human capital on the ecological footprint of Iran from the years 1980 to 2019 was investigated using the autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) model and the Granger causality test. The results indicate that natural resources and foreign direct investment, in the short term (with a lag) and long term, have a positive and significant impact on the ecological footprint while human capital has no significant effect on the ecological footprint. The error correction model in this study was set at -0.94, indicating if it moves from one period to another, 0.94% of the dependent variable’s deviation (ecological footprint) is corrected from the long-term path of the independent variables. Granger causality results also indicate that ecological footprint has a two-way causality relationship with natural resources while showing neither a causal relationship with foreign direct investment nor with human capital.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecological footprint
  • Natural resources
  • Human capital
  • Foreign direct investment
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 74، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 462-474