نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی وضعیت آلودگی فلزات با استفاده از شاخص آلودگی نمرو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک، اراک، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک، اراک، ایران

3 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، اراک، ایران

چکیده

تحقیق حاضر با هدف ارزیابی و پهنه‌بندی وضعیت آلودگی فلزات با استفاده از شاخص آلودگی نمرو (NIPI) در باغ‌های انگور شهرستان ملایر صورت گرفت. براساس روش سیستماتیک تصادفی، 286 نمونه خاک یک کیلوگرمی (همراه با ثبت محل دقیق هر یک از نمونه‌ها با دستگاه GPS) از عمق 20-0 سانتی‌متری و سطح 20×20 سانتی‌متری برداشت و در کیسه‌های پلی‌اتیلنی ذخیره شد و برای بررسی‌های بعدی به آزمایشگاه انتقال یافت. غلظت فلزات منگنز، روی، مس، نیکل، کروم، آرسنیک و جیوه با استفاده از دستگاه اسپکتروفتومتر اندازه‌گیری شد. میانگین غلظت فلزات منگنز، روی، مس، نیکل، کروم، آرسنیک و جیوه به‌ترتیب 597، 109­، 87/86، 84/32، 67/12، 47/1و 0/344 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم بود. این مقادیر کمتر از مقادیر شاخص NIPI برای این فلزات بود. این یافته وضعیت نسبی غیرآلودۀ منطقۀ پژوهش را نشان می‌دهد. ارزیابی نقشۀ منطقه‌بندی آلودگی مبتنی بر NIPI و مقادیر کم غلظت فلزات در خاک منطقه و نقشۀ کم‌و‌بیش همگن از توزیع غلظت فلزات ‌موجود در آنها نشان می‌دهد که غلظت فلزات در منطقه توسط فرایندهای زمین‌شناسی کنترل می‌شود. توزیع ناهمگن غلظت فلزات در قسمت‌های کوچک منطقه، تأثیرات انسانی را نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The assessment of metal contamination status using the Nemro integrated pollution index

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Ali Yari 1
  • Javad Varvani 2
  • Hamid Toranj Zar 3
  • Ramin Zare 3
  • Amir Hossein Baghaei 3

1 Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran

2 َAssociate Professor, Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University,, Arak , Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University,, Arak , Iran

چکیده [English]

This study aimed to evaluate and zoning the status of metal contamination using the Nemro integrated pollution index (NIPI) in the vineyards of Malayer county. For the study, 286 geolocated soil samples were excerpted based on a random systematic method; each with a weight of 1 kg collected both from a depth of 0-20 cm and a surface of 20 × 20 cm, and then stored in the polyethylene bags to be transferred to the laboratory getting further analyzed. The concentrations of Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, As, and Hg were measured using a spectrophotometer; the average concentrations of the sampled metals were respectively 597, 109, 87.86, 84.32, 67.12, 47.1, and 0.344 mg/kg. Based on the results, the measured values were below the NIPI index thresholds for each element remarking the relatively unpolluted condition of the study area. Having evaluated the NIPI-based map in line with low concentrations of the heavy metals in the soil of the study area and a semi-homogeneous distribution of the heavy metals concentration, unfold that the geological processes are the governing factors in controlling the concentration of measured metals. By contrast, human-made changes are mostly responsible for the heterogeneous distribution of metal concentrations in small parts of the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pollution status assessment
  • Grapes
  • Environmental risk
  • the Nemro pollution index
  • Malayer
  • Inverse distance weighting
Baidourela, A., Liu, L., Zhayimu, K., Pan, C., Manglike, R., Peng, X., Abudukadeer, M., 2021. Distribution characteristics and correlation of heavy metals in soil and total suspended particles of Urumqi City. International Journal of Environmental Science 69.
Ben Salah, Y., Oudadesse, H., Lefeuvre, B., Tounsi, S., El Feki, H., 2021. Purified mono ammonium phosphate fertilizer promotes the yield and reduces heavy metals accumulation in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). International Journal of Environmental Science 19(3), 1753-1764.
Carballeira, A., Carral, E., Puente, X., Villares, R., 2000. Regional scale monitoring of coastal contamination. Nutrients and heavy metals in estuarine sediments and organisms on the coast of Galicia (Northwest Spain). International Journal of Environment and Pollution 13, 534-572.
Chai, L., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Ma, L., Cheng, Z., Su, L., 2021. Pollution characteristics, spatial distributions, and source apportionment of heavy metals in cultivated soil in Lanzhou, China. Ecological Indicators 125, 107507.
Facchinelli, A., Sacchi, E., Mallen, L. 2003 Multivariate statistical and GIS based approach to identify heavy metal sources in soils. Environmental Pollution 114(3), 313-324.
Garavand, M., Ghasemi, H., Hafezi Moghddas, N., 2013. Geochemical and Environmental Assessment of the Heavy Metals in the Soils Derived from the Gorgan Schists. Scientific Quarterly Journal, Geosciences 22(86), 35-46.
Haghshenas, A., Hatami-manesh, M., Mirzaei, M., Mir Sanjari, M.M., Hossein Khezri, P., 2017. Measurement and Evaluation of Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Pars Special Economic Energy Zone. Iranian South Medical Journal 20(5), 448-469. (In Persian).
He, Z., Shentu, J., Yang, X., Baligar, V.C., Zhang, T., Stoffella, P.J., 2015. Heavy Metal Contamination of Soils: Sources, Indicators, and Assessment. Journal of Environmental Indicators 9, 17-18.
Kourakos, G., Klein, F., Cortis, A., Harter, T., 2012. A groundwater nonpoint source pollution modeling framework to evaluate long‐term dynamics of pollutant exceedance probabilities in wells and other discharge locations. Water Resources Research 48(6), 1-19.
Lemly, A.D., Richardson, C.J., 1997. Guidelines for risk assessment in wetlands. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 47, 117-134.
Li, Z., Ma, Z., van der Kuijp, T.J., Yuan, Z., Huang, L.A., 2014. Review of soil heavy metal pollution from mines in China: pollution and health risk assessment. Science of the Total Environment 468-469, 843-53.
Liu, W., Zhao, J., Ouyang, Z., Söderlund, L., Liu, G., 2005. Impacts of sewage irrigation on heavy metal distribution and contamination in Beijing china. Environmental International 31, 805-812.
Loska, K, Wiechuła, D, & Korus, I. 2004. Metal contamination of farming soils affected by industry. Environment International 30(2), 159-65.
Mateo-Sagasta, J., Marjani Zadeh, S., Turral, H., 2017. Water pollution from agriculture: a global review. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the International Water Management Institute on behalf of the Water Land and Ecosystems Research Program.
Shaheen, A., Iqbal,J., Hussain, S. 2019. Adaptive geospatial modeling of soil contamination by selected heavy metals in the industrial area of Sheikhupura, Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 16, 4447–4464.
Solgi, I., Solgi, M., 2016. Investigating of heavy metals concentration Vineyard soils in the agricultural ecosystems of Malayer. Journal of Plant Ecosystem and Conservation 3(7), 99-111 (In Persian).
Suter, G.W., 2007. Ecological Risk Assessment. 2nd edition. CRC Press. Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, Fla. 680 p.
Wang, S., Cai, L., Wen, H., Luo, J., Wang, Q., Liu, X., 2019. Spatial distribution and source apportionment of heavy metals in soil from a typical county-level city of Guangdong Province, China. Science of the Total Environment, 655, 92-101.
Wei, B., Yang, L., 2010. A review of heavy metal contaminations in urban soils, urban road dusts and agricultural soils from China. Microchemical Journal 94(2), 99-107.
Yobouet, Y.A., Adouby, K., Trokourey, A., & Yao, B. 2010. Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc speciation in contaminated soils. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2(5), 802-812.
Yong, L., Huifeng, W., Xiaoting, L., Jinchang, L., 2015. Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils in Taiyuan, China. Pedosphere 25, 901-909.
Zare Abianeh, H., Bayat Varkeshi, M., Marofi, S., 2012. Investigating Water Table Depth Fluctuations in the Malayer Plain. Water and Soil Science 22(2), 173-190.
Zhang, Y., Wu, D., Wang, C., Fu, X., Wu, G., 2020. Impact of coal power generation on the characteristics and risk of heavy metal pollution in nearby soil. Ecosyst Health Sustainability 6(1), 1787092.
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 74، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 345-357