نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

تأثیر شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی بر پایداری کشاورزی استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای رشته اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

4 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش با گردآوردی داده‌ها از سازمان جهاد کشاورزی، سازمان آب و فاضلاب‌، ادارۀ هواشناسی و استانداری استان گلستان در سال 1399 به بررسی شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی استان گلستان پرداخته شد. براساس نتایج، شاخص‌های مصرف سموم شیمیایی، مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و غلظت نیترات در آب‌های زیرزمینی تأثیر منفی، و شاخص‌های سطح زیر کشت، مقدار بارندگی، خاک‌ورزی حفاظتی و تنوع گیاهان زراعی تأثیر مثبت بر شاخص‌های محیط زیستی داشته‌اند. همچنین نتایج استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) نشان داد که بیشترین رتبه را شاخص خاک‌ورزی حفاظتی با وزن 16 و کمترین رتبه را شاخص سطح زیر کشت با وزن 11/9 به‌دست آورده‌اند. شهرستان گنبد براساس شاخص‌های پایداری محیط زیستی با 89 درصد بیشترین اولویت و شهرستان بندر ترکمن با 56 درصد کمترین اولویت را داشتند. نتایج تحلیل حساسیت نیز نشان داد که شاخص‌ها در دامنۀ 1 تا 5 درصد تغییر، ثبات و سازگاری دارند و اولویت‌بندی تغییر نمی‌کند. در نهایت نیز شهرستان‌های استان گلستان به دستۀ پایدار، نسبتاً پایدار و ناپایدار طبقه‌بندی شدند. پیشنهاد می‌شود که براساس نتایج این پژوهش، شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی در استان گلستان مدنظر قرار گیرد و بهترین تصمیم‌گیری‌ها در زمینۀ پایداری کشاورزی استان گلستان صورت گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Exploring the effect of environmental indicators on agricultural sustainability in Golestan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohaddeseh Ziaei 1
  • ahmad ali keykha 2
  • Farshid Eshraghi 3
  • mahmoud ahmadpour 4
  • Saman Ziaei 2
  • hamid mohammadi 4

1 PhD student of agricultural economics, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

2 Associate professor of agricultural economics, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

4 Assistant professor of Agricultural Economics, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study was performed to explore the 2020 agricultural sustainability through studying the environmental indicators in Golestan Province, Iran, using data and information acquired from the Agricultural Jihad Organization, Golestan Provincial Water and Wastewater Organization, Iran Meteorological Organization, and the Governorate of Golestan Province. According to the results, chemical pesticide and fertilizer usages, as well as nitrate concentration in groundwater, showed a negative effect whereas the cropping area, rainfall, conservation tillage practices, and cropping diversity showed a positive effect on the environmental indicators. Meanwhile, the highest and lowest weights were obtained respectively for conservation tillage practices (0.16) and cropping area (0.11) based on the application of analytical hierarchical analysis (AHP). Having prioritized the study area, Gonbad Kavus (89%) and Bandar-e-Turkmen (56%) were respectively the best and worst counties in terms of environmental indicators. In addition, conducting a sensitivity analysis with a shifting range of 1-5% showed the indicators have constancy with no priority changes. Finally, the counties of Golestan province were classified into stable, relatively stable, and unstable categories. Taking the findings into account, the sustainability of agriculture in Golestan province can be enhanced by implementing the proposed environmental indicators into the planning process.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Golestan province
  • Agricultural sustainability
  • Analytical hierarchical process (AHP)
  • Environmental indicators
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 74، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 304-316