نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مدل‌سازی بوم‌شناختی مطلوبیت سرزمین برای حفاظت از پستانداران بزرگ‌جثۀ در معرض تهدید (مطالعۀ موردی: استان خراسان رضوی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 گروه محیط زیست،دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، نور، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی توان بوم‌شناختی در جلوگیری از خسارت دیدن منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، توسعۀ پایدار و پایداری اکوسیستم اهمیت زیادی دارد. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی توان بوم‌شناختی استان خراسان رضوی در حفاظت از برخی گونه‌های پستانداران شاخص انجام گرفت. یازده نمایه در قالب نه معیار کلی شامل فاصله از جاده، شیب، ارتفاع، تراکم پوشش گیاهی، جهت جغرافیایی، فاصله از مناطق تحت حفاظت، فاصله از منابع آبی و فاصله از مناطق مسکونی و کشاورزی به‌کار گرفته شد که با توجه به تأثیرگذاری آنها در پتانسیل زیستگاه ارزیابی شدند. اهمیت نسبی معیارها با روش سلسله‌مراتبی در محیط سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی تعیین شد. براساس نتایج تحقیق برای کاربری حفاظت، مهم‌ترین معیار برای گونه‌های کل و بز، قوچ و میش عامل شیب به‌ترتیب با ضریب 0/372 و 0/342؛ برای گونه‌های گربۀ پالاس، پلنگ، گربۀ شنی، کاراکال و کفتار عامل ارتفاع به‌ترتیب با ضرایب 0/275، 0/338، 0/285و 0/332؛ برای یوزپلنگ عامل فاصله از اراضی کشاورزی و مسکونی با ضریب 0/291؛ و برای آهو عامل پوشش گیاهی با وزن 0/311تعیین شد. مسئولان حفاظت محیط زیست استان خراسان رضوی، از مکان‌های اولویت‌دار شناسایی‌شده در این تحقیق می‌توانند برای برنامه‌ریزی و گسترش مناطق تحت حفاظت جدید استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Ecological modeling of land suitability to protect the threatened large mammals (Case study: Khorasan Razavi Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Ebrahimzadeh 1
  • Azadeh Karimi 2
  • Morteza Akbari 3
  • Hossein Yazdandad 4

1 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment,, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment,, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

4 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

چکیده [English]

Evaluating ecological capability is of at most importance in preventing significant damages to natural and environmental resources in addition to its pivotal roles in ecosystem sustainability and sustainable development as well. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the ecological capabilities of Khorasan Razavi Province for the conservation of key mammal species. Accordingly, eleven indices derived from nine general criteria including distance from roads, slope, elevation, vegetation density, geographical direction, distance from protected areas, distance from water sources, distance from residential and agricultural areas, were selected and evaluated. The relative importance of the indices was then determined using a hierarchical GIS environment. Based on the results, the slope was the most important driving force for the conservation of species such as the wild goat and wild sheep with the coefficients of 0.372 and 0.342, respectively while the elevation was detected as the most contributing factor for the species of the pallas’s cat, leopard, sand cat, and caracal with the coefficients of 0.227, 0.338, 0.228 and 0.332, respectively; The factors most determinant for the habitat suitability of the Asiatic cheetah, were the distance from agricultural and residential lands with a coefficient of 0.29 while for the goitered gazelle, the vegetation weighted the most with a coefficient of 0.311. In conclusion, the identified locations are recommendable to be included in the current conservation network

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecological capability evaluation
  • Conservation prioritization
  • Large mammals
  • Biodiversity conservation
  • Geographic information system (GIS)
  • Analytical hierarchy process (AHP)
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 74، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 237-249