نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی حضور آلودگی میکروپلاستیک در تصفیه‌خانۀ منطقة 22 شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 پژوهشگر پسا دکتری ، مرکز تحقیقات بهداشت محیط سیستمی و انرژی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی

3 گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب منبع مهم انتشار میکروپلاستیک‌ها به شمار می‌روند. بخش بزرگی از میکروپلاستیک‌ها را در تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب می‌توان حذف کرد، ولی این تصفیه‌خانه‌ها همچنان حاوی مقادیر زیادی از میکروپلاستیک‌ها هستند که در نهایت به محیط زیست آزاد می‌شوند. تاکنون پژوهشی در زمینۀ تأثیر تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب در انتشار آلودگی میکروپلاستیک در تهران وجود ندارد. هدف این تحقیق، بررسی میزان انتشار ذرات میکروپلاستیک از تصفیه‌خانۀ فاضلاب در منطقۀ 22 شهر تهران است. به این منظور نمونه‌برداری از ورودی و خروجی تصفیه‌خانۀ فاضلاب این منطقه با استفاده از روش volume reduction توسط الک‌هایی با سه اندازۀ 300، 105 و 25 میکرومتر انجام گرفت و ذرات در ماتریکس آب پس از تیمارهای لازم و جداسازی ذرات توسط نمک یدید سدیم در زیر میکروسکوپ نوری بررسی شدند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که فرایند تصفیه دارای تأثیر چشمگیری بر حذف ذرات میکروپلاستیک است. پس از تصفیه به‌طور متوسط 2/15 ذره میکروپلاستیک در هر لیتر آب فاضلاب یافت شد. ذرات بزرگ‌تر به‌طور مؤثرتری حذف شدند (ذرات بزرگ‌تر از 300 میکرومتر و بین 300‌-‌105 میکرومتر) و ذرات کوچک‌تر (105-25 میکرومتر) فراوانی بیشتری پیدا می‌کنند. در میان ذرات شناسایی‌شده فیبرها دارای بیشترین فراوانی بودند و فرگمنت‌ها در جایگاه دوم قرار داشتند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب می‌توانند منبع انتشار آلودگی میکروپلاستیک در محیط زیست شهری باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on presence of microplastic pollution in the wastewater treatment plant of district 22 of Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Feizi 1
  • Amir Hossein Hamidian 1
  • Razegheh Akhbarizadeh 2
  • Mehdi Jonoobi 3

1 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Postdoctoral fellow

3 Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Wastewater treatment plants are known as an important source of microplastics. Though a major proportion of microplastics are removed in wastewater treatment plants, the effluent of plants contain a significant amount of microplastic particles which eventually release into the environment. Until now there is no investigation on the role of wastewater treatment plants on the release of microplastics in Tehran. This study aims to assess the discharge amount of microplastic particles from wastewater treatment plant in district 22 of Tehran. Sampling was conducted from the influent and effluent of the plant with grab method and sieving through 300, 105 and 25 µm stainless still filters.  Retained samples were treated to remove organic and inorganic materials. Then particles were detected, counted and analyzed under microscope (*10). Results indicate that treatment process has a significant impact on microplastic particles removal. After the treatment process, the average of 2.15 MP/liter were found in the effluent. Larger particles were removed effectively (at the size of ≥300 and 105-300 µm) and smaller particles (25-105 µm) indicated a higher abundance. Among the detected particles fibers had the highest abundance and then fragment were at the second order. This finding indicates that waste water treatment plants can act as a source for microplastic pollution in the urban environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pollution
  • Wastewater treatment plant
  • Plastic
  • Microplastics
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 75، شماره 1
خرداد 1401
صفحه 1-6