نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی آلودگی و منشاء یابی فلزات سنگین در رسوبات، آب و ساقه گیاه نی تالاب کیاکلایه با استفاده از شاخص های کیفی و کمی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن

2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن

چکیده

این مطالعه به ارزیابی غلظت فلزات مس، کبالت، کروم، کادمیوم و آرسنیک در رسوبات، آب و ریشه و ساقه گیاهان نی سه منطقه از تالاب کیاکلایه که تحت تاثیر پساب مسکن مهر، پساب کشاورزی و محل دپوی زباله شهری هستند، پرداخته است. نمونه‌ها بعد از هضم و آماده‌سازی بوسیله دستگاه ICP-OES اندازه‌گیری شدند. همچنین از شاخص‌های کیفی برای بررسی دقیق‌تر این آلاینده‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تجمع کبالت در رسوبات دریافت کننده پساب کشاورزی و مسکن مهر بیشتر از ناحیه‌‌ی از تالاب است که تحت تاثیر محل دپوی زباله شهری قرار دارد، ولی غلظت کروم، کادمیوم در رسوبات نزدیک به محل دپوی زباله بیشتر از دو منطقه دیگر تالاب است. همچنین در رسوبات تحت تاثیر پساب کشاورزی میزان مس و آرسنیک نسبت به دو منطقه دیگر بالاتر بود. تجمع کبالت و مس در ریشه گیاه نی در منطقه‌ی تحت تاثیر پساب مسکن مهر بیشتر از منطقه دریافت‌کننده پساب کشاورزی است، ولی میزان مس در ساقه گیاه نی رویده در بخش دریافت کننده پساب کشاورزی تالاب بالاتر است. در بین شاخص‌های کیفی، ضریب غنی‌شدگی بالاتر از 1 برای کادمیوم و کبالت و بالاترین شاخص زمین‌انباشت مربوط به کادمیوم به پساب مسکن مهر بوده است در حالی که بالاترین سهم آنتروپوژنیک و همچنین بیشترین مقدار شاخص پتانسیل خطر اکولوژیک و شاخص اولویت‌بندی پتانسیل خطرات بیولوژیک برای فلزات مورد بررسی در منطقه آلوده به پساب کشاورزی بدست آمد و منطقه آلوده به پساب مسکن مهر از نظر شاخص بار آلودگی بالاترین مقدار را داشت. برای منطقه تحت آلودگی پساب مسکن مهر بدست آمد. بطور کلی می‌توان گفت که پساب کشاورزی بالاترین پتانسل خطرات اکولوژیک و بیولوژیک و همچنین پساب مسکن مهر بالاترین بار آلودگی را برای اکوسیستم تالاب به دنبال دارند. آرسنیک در بخش آلوده به پساب کشاورزی و همچنین به ترتیب آرسنیک و مس در بخش آلوده به پساب مسکن مهر بالاترین فاکتور انتقال به ریشه گیاه نی را نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of contamination and origintion of heavy metals in sediments, water and stem of Kiaklayeh wetland using qualitative indicators of sediment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fereshteh Taleshi 1
  • keivan saeb 2

1 Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon, Mazandaran, Iran

2 Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon, Mazandaran, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals including: copper, cobalt, chromium, cadmium and arsenic in sediments, water, roots of Phragmites in three areas of Kiaklayeh wetland that are affected by Mehr housing, agricultural and municipal wastewater. In order to measure heavy metals, ICP-OES was used. Qualitative indicators were also used to examine these pollutants more closely. The results showed that the accumulation of cobalt in the sediments which receivied agricultural and housing effluents is higher than the area of the wetland that is affected by the municipal landfill, but the concentration of chromium and cadmium in the sediments near the landfill is higher than the other two areas of the wetland. Is. Also, in the sediments under agricultural effluent, the amount of copper and arsenic was higher than the other two regions. Accumulation of cobalt and copper in the roots of Phragmites in the area affected by Mehr housing wastewater is higher than the agricultural area, but the amount of copper in the stem of Phragmites growing in the agricultural grounds is higher. EF higher than 1 was obtained for cadmium and cobalt in the area contaminated with Mehr housing effluent. The highest Igeo was related to cadmium and the highest anthropogenic contribution was obtained as well as the highest RI and MERMQ for the studied metals in the wastewater from agricultural area. The highest amount of PLI was obtained for the area contaminated with Mehr housing wastewater. together, it can be said that agronomic wastewater have the highest potential for ecological and biological hazards and also Mehr effluent has the the biggest amount of pollution for the wetland ecosystem. Arsenic agricultural wastewater and also arsenic and copper in Mehr housing wastewater, respectively , showed the highest TF to the roots of reeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • heavy metals"
  • " qualitive andicatore"
  • " Kiaklayeh Wetland":"urban wastewater
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 74، شماره 1
خرداد 1400
صفحه 97-110