نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مدل‌سازی و پیش‌بینی زیباشناختی پارک‌های شهری بر اساس معیار پیچیدگی منظر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده محیط زیست کرج

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ منابع طبیعی- محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، کرج

3 دکترای مرتعداری، گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

برنامه‌ریزان گردشگری جویای فضاهای جدیدی هستند که بتوانند آن را کشف کرده و از فضاهای کسل کننده و تکراری فاصله گرفته و مکانی منطبق با پیچیدگی و تمایلات خاص امروزی بوجود آورند. هدف از این پژوهش مدل سازی پیچیدگی در ساختار منظر پارک‌های شهری با استفاده از شبکه عصبی مصنوعی به منظور پیش‌بینی کیفیت مناظر پارک‌های شهری جهت توسعه گردشگری شهری است. پژوهش حاضر در ده پارک تهران با مساحت بیش از 10 هکتار (ساعی، ملت، نهج البلاغه، ایران زمین، لاله، آب و آتش، طالقانی، جمشیدیه، قیطریه و نیاوران) و در چهار منطقه شهری انجام شده است. در این مطالعه جهت ارزیابی پیچیدگی منظر پارک شهری از ترکیب دیدگاه کاربرمحور و روش مدل سازی شبکه عصبی مصنوعی و با استفاده از 17 عنصر عینی منظر انجام شده است. با توجه به نتایج مدل با ساختار 1-14-17 (17 متغیر ورودی، 14 نورون در لایه مخفی و یک متغیر خروجی) با توجه به بیشترین مقدار ضریب تبیین در سه دسته داده آموزش، اعتبارسنجی و آزمون معادل 93/0، 85/0 و 87/0، بهترین عملکرد بهینه‌سازی ساختار را نشان می‌دهد. بر این اساس نسبت سطوح سخت، میانگین قطر درختان و ساختمانها با ضریب اثرگذاری 21/0، 15/0و 12/0 به ترتیب بیشترین تأثیر را در پیچیدگی مناظر در پارک-های شهر تهران از خود نشان می‌دهند. مدل ارائه شده در این پژوهش به عنوان یک سیستم پشتیبان تصمیم‌گیری در طراحی ساختار پارک‌های شهری جهت جذب گردشگر بوده و امکان پیش‌بینی سطح پیچیدگی منظر را با توجه به متغیرهای محیطی آنها فراهم می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling and Prediction of the Aesthetics of Urban Parks Based on Landscape Complexity Criterion

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Jahani 1
  • Zahra Hatef Rabiee 2
  • Maryam Saffariha 3

1 College of Environment

2 BSc Student of Natural Resources - Environment, College of Environment, Karaj

3 Ph.D in Rangeland Management, College of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

People are looking for new spaces that they can discover, and keep distance from dull and repetitive spaces, to create a place that is compatible with today's complexity and specific desires. The purpose of this study is to model the complexity of landscape in urban parks using artificial neural network in order to predict the complexity of landscape in urban parks and determination of the effect of different landscape variables on it. The present study was carried out in ten parks with an area of more than 10 hectares in Tehran city (Saei, Mellat, Nahj al-Balagheh, Iran Zaman, Laleh, Abo Atash, Taleghani, Jamshidieh, Gheitarieh and Niavaran) and in four municipality districts (1, 2, 3, and 6). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the complexity of landscape in urban park using a combination of user-based approach and artificial neural network modeling using 17 objective elements of landscape. According to the results, the model with 17-14-1 structure (17 input variables, 14 neurons in hidden layer and one output variable) according to the highest value of coefficient of determination in the three categories of training, validation and test datasets equal with 0.93, 0.85, and 0.87 created the best optimization performance. Accordingly, hard surfaces ratio, the mean of trees diameter and buildings, with the coefficients of 0.21, 0.15, and 0.12, respectively, are the most influential factors on the complexity of landscape in Tehran city parks, respectively. The presented model in this study is known as a decision support system in engineering design of urban parks and enables prediction of the complexity of landscape according to the environmental variables. .

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Complexity of Landscape
  • Urban Park
  • Modeling
  • Artificial Neural Network
  • Aesthetic
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 74، شماره 1
خرداد 1400
صفحه 27-40