نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی وضعیت، منابع و ریسک سلامت هیدروکربن های آروماتیک چند حلقه ای (PAHs) در خاک های سطحی میدان نفتی اهواز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه خاکشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

2 گروه خاکشناسی، واحد اهواز،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، اهواز، ایران

3 گروه زمین شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

غلظت‌ بالای هیدروکربن‌ های آروماتیک چند حلقه ای (PAHs) در خاک ‌های سطحی به عنوان یک خطر جدی برای سلامت انسان و محیط زیست به شمار می‌آید. در این مطالعه جهت بررسی سطح آلودگی PAHs در میدان نفتی اهواز تعداد 66 عدد نمونه خاک سطحی برداشت و غلظت PAHs به روش کروماتوگرافی گازی – طیف سنجی جرمی (GC-MS) تعیین گردید. مقدار کل غلظت 16 PAHs در خاک ‌های سطحی میدان نفتی اهواز از 50/913 تا 05/44452 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم متغیر است و دارای میانگین مجموع غلظت 57/12872 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم است. PAHs ناشی از احتراق بخش قابل توجهی از کل غلظت PAHS را تشکیل می دهند، که از 61/0تا 73/0 متغیر است. نسبت ترکیبات سرطان‌ زا به کل PAHs ها در محدوده بین 55/0 تا 59/0 است. میانگین غلظت PAHsبا وزن مولکولی بالا (HMW) 13/10573 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم است که 82% از کل PAHs را شامل می‌ شود و منشاء آنها عموما در اثر احتراق سوختهای نفتی می باشد. میانگین غلظت اکثر PAHs بالاتر از مقادیر ERL و کمتر از مقدار ERM است که نشان دهنده آن است که گاهی اوقات عوارض جانبی بیولوژیکی ناشی از PAHs رخ می دهد. اما غلظت دو ترکیب Ant و BaA بیشتر از مقدار ERM می باشد لذا این دو ترکیب در اغلب موارد باعث ایجاد عوارض جانبی بیولوژیکی است. غلظت معادل سمیت (TEQ) در خاک سطحی از 44/99 تا 86/5301 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم متغیر است. میزان ILCR در مسیر بلع در کودکان بیشتر از بزرگسالان است اما در مسیر جذب پوستی و تنفس در بزرگسالان بیشتر از کودکان است. مجموع ریسک سرطانی (CR) برای کودکان (4-10×95/8) بیشتر از بزرگسالان ( 4-10×64/8 ) است که این امر پتانسیل بالای خطر سرطان‌زایی را در منطقه مورد مطالعه نشان می دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the status, sources and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surface soils of Ahvaz oil field

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahmoodreza Ghorbani 1
  • Navid Ghanavati 2
  • Timoor Babaenejad 1
  • Ahad Nazarpour 3
  • Khoshnaz Payande 1

1 Department of soil science. Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz,, Iran.

3 Department of Geology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

High concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soils are a serious threat to human health and the environment. In this study, to determine the level of PAHs pollution in Ahvaz oil field, 66 surface soil samples were collected and the concentration of PAHs was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The sum of PAHs16 concentration in the surface soils of Ahvaz oil field ranged from 913.50 to 44452.05 (μg/kg), with a mean of 12872.57 (μg/kg). Combustion PAHs make up a significant portion of the total concentration of PAHs, ranging from 0.61 to 0.73. The ratio of carcinogenic compounds to total PAHs ranges from 0.55 to 0.59. The average concentration of PAHs with high molecular weight (HMW) is 10573.13 (μg/kg), which accounts for 82% of total PAHs, and their origin is generally due to the combustion of petroleum fuels. The average concentration of most PAHs is higher than ERL values and lower than ERM values, indicating that sometimes biological side effects from PAHs occur. However, the concentration of Ant and BaA compounds is higher than the value of ERM, so these two compounds in most cases cause biological side effects. The toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ) in surface soil ranged from 99.44 to 5301.86 (μg/kg). ILCR is higher in children on pathways ingestion than in adults, but LCR is higher in adults than in children in pathways dermal contact and inhalation. The cancer risk (CR) for children (8.95×10-4) is higher than for adults (8.64×10-4), which shows the high potential for cancer risk in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Surface Soil
  • PAHs
  • Health Risk
  • Oil Field
  • Ahvaz
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 759-773