نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

تعیین نرخ مجاز مصرف ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) از نظر فلزات سنگین در رودخانه‌های شهر خاش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 داوری مقالات

2 دانش آموخته دکتری گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

3 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

فلزات سنگین به عنوان یکی از گروه‌های اصلی آلاینده‌های محیط‌ آبی، در اثر فعالیت‌های طبیعی و انسانی به محیط آبی راه می‌یابند. این فلزات ممکن است در بدن موجودات آبزی، از جمله ماهی تجمع یابند و خطر بالقوه برای سلامتی اکوسیستم و موجودات زنده و بخصوص برای انسان محسوب گردند. در مطالعه حاضر، میزان غلظت فلزات سنگین )روی، مس، سرب و نیکل (در بافت عضله ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) در سه ایستگاه (دهپابید، بیداستر و اسکل آباد) شهر خاش در بهار 1398 مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. پس از آماده‌سازی و هضم شیمیایی بافت ماهی، میزان فلزات سنگین مورد مطالعه به وسیله دستگاه جذب اتمی تعیین شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد بالاترین میزان تجمع به ترتیب مربوط به روی>مس>سرب>نیکل در همه ایستگاه‌های مورد مطالعه است. میانگین میزان تجمع فلزات سنگین با استانداردهای بین المللی WHO، FDA، NHMRC، FAO، UKMAFF و USEPA مقایسه شد. میزان سمیت فلزات سنگین مس، روی و سرب پایین تر از غلظت مجاز استاندارهای بین‌المللی بوده است. طبق نتایج تنها فلز نیکل نزدیک به میزان حد مجاز با استاندارد WHO در نمونه‌های بیداستر و اسکل آباد بود که نشان می‌دهد باید کنترل بیشتری بر روی منابع تولیدکننده این فلز در اطراف مناطق مورد نظر انجام داد. همچنین میزان جذب روزانه (EDI) فلزات مورد مطالعه برای مصرف کنندگان کودک و بزرگسال، پایین‌تر از دوز مرجع تعیین شده توسط سازمان EPA و مصرف قابل تحمل (TI) ارائه شده توسط سازمانFAO/WHO به‌دست آمد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد مصرف ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان از حیث بهداشتی برای مصارف انسانی مناسب است اما با توجه به خاصیت تجمع زیستی و سمیت فلزات سنگین، مطالعات ارزیابی ریسک و تعیین نرخ مجاز مصرف ماهی با در نظر گرفتن همه مسیرهای مواجهه با آن در این مناطق ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining the allowable rate of Oncorhynchus mykiss fish consumption in terms of heavy metals in rivers of Khash city

نویسندگان [English]

  • sanaz khammar 1
  • seyed mehdi hosseini 2
  • Arash Khoshnoodfar 3

1 Judgment

2 PhD graduated ,Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

3 Univercity of tarbiat modares

چکیده [English]

Heavy metals are one of the main groups of environmental pollutants; enter the aquatic environment through natural and human activities. These metals may accumulate in aquatic organisms including fish and be a potential danger to the health of the ecosystem and living organisms, especially for human beings. In the present study, the concentration of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb and Ni) were measured in the muscle tissue of Oncorhynchus mykiss fish in three stations (Dehpabid, Bidaster and Eskalabad) of Khash city in spring 2019. After preparation and chemical digestion of fish tissue, the amounts of heavy metals studied were determined by the atomic absorption. The results of this study showed that the highest rate of accumulation in all stations studied was related to Zn> Cu> Pb >Ni, respectively. Average amount of heavy metal accumulation was compared within the international standards of WHO, FDA, NHMRC, FAO, UKMAFF and USEPA. The toxicity of heavy metals Zn, Cu and Pb were lower than the permitted concentration of international standards. According to the results, only nickel metal was close to the WHO standard limit in the Bidaster and Eskel Abad samples, indicating that more control should be carried out on the production resources this metal around the regions studied. Also, the daily absorption rates of the studied metals (EDI) for children and adults were lower than the reference dose set by the EPA and the TI provided by the FAO/WHO Organization. The results of this study showed that the consumption of Oncorhynchus mykiss fish was considered hygienically suitable for human consumption, but due to the bioaccumulation and toxicity of heavy metals, it is necessary to study risk assessment, considering all its possible routes exposure in these regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • heavy metals
  • Oncorhynchus mykiss fish
  • daily absorption rate
  • risk assessment
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 665-675