نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مدل سازی مطلوبیت زیستگاه خرس سیاه در بخشی از استان سیستان و بلوچستان با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چند معیاره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضو هیات علمی

چکیده

خرس سیاه بلوچی به عنوان یک زیرگونه در معرض انقراض، پراکنش محدودی در ایران، شامل استان‌های کرمان، سیستان و بلوچستان و هرمزگان، است. در این مطالعه برای مدلسازی مطلوبیت سرزمین به عنوان زیستگاه خرس سیاه، از روش ارزیابی چند معیاره استفاده شد. به این منظور با بررسی منابع و نظر کارشناسان، مهمترین معیارها و محدودیتهای موثر در ارزیابی مطلوبیت زیستگاهی سرزمین شناسایی و معیارها و محدودیتهای مورد استفاده به ترتیب به روش فازی و بولین استاندارد و با استفاده از روش فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP)، وزن دهی شدند. بیشترین وزن به شیب تخصیص داده شد. نقشه معیارهای مطالعه با تفسیر تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و داده‌های موجود و به روش طبقه بندی ترکیبی تهیه گردید. بر این اساس، بیشتر منطقه مطالعه با، 6945673 هکتار دارای پوشش گیاهی کمتر از 20% است. معیارها و محدودیتهای مطالعه با استفاده از روش ترکیب خطی وزندار (WLC) رویه‌گذاری و مدل مطلوبیت سرزمین به عنوان زیستگاه خرس سیاه، تهیه شد. در این منطقه، 261615 هکتار با مطلوبیت زیستگاهی خیلی زیاد برای خرس سیاه شناسایی گردید. بررسی میدانی و رویه گذاری مناطق با بیشترین مطلوبیت زیستگاهی بر روی نقشه معیارهای مورد استفاده، نشان داد، این نواحی بیشتر شامل مناطق کوهستانی با پوشش داز و یا باغ‌های خرما، هستند. نتایج این مطالعه با تولید نقشه‌های مطلوبیت زیستگاه با صحت 81%، توانایی روش‌های ارزیابی چند معیاره با در نظر گرفتن اهمیت معیارهای ارزیابی زیستگاه در مدل سازی مطلوبیت زیستگاه خرس سیاه و همزمان با جبران معیارها را نشان می‌دهد که باعث جبران ضعف معیارهای ضعیف‌تر توسط معیارهای قوی‌تر می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Black bear habitat suitability modeling in a part of Sistan and Balouchestan province using multi-criteria evaluation method

نویسنده [English]

  • vahid rahdari

assistant professor

چکیده [English]

The Balouchi Black bear as an endangered subspecies, has a limited distribution in Iran, including the provinces of Kerman, Sistan and Baluchestan and Hormozgan. In this study, multi-criteria evaluation method was used to model the suitability of the land as a habitat of the black bear. For this purpose, by literature reviewing and experts’ knowledge, the most important criteria for evaluating the suitability of the land as black bear habitat were identified, were standardized by fuzzy and Boolean methods and criteria weights were determined using the hierarchical analysis process (AHP) method. The highest weight is related to slope criterion. Criteria and constraints maps were prepared by satellite image interpretation and available data. Results have shown 0-20% vegetation cover crown with 6945673 ha has the highest portion in study area. The study criteria and constraints were overlaid using the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method and the land suitability model was produced for the Balouchi black bear. In habitat suitability map, 261615 ha were identified with very high habitat suitability for black bear. Field studies and overlaying areas with the highest habitat suitability on the suitability maps of the used criteria, show that these areas mostly include mountainous areas with wild date (Daz) and farm land date. The results of this study with producing 81% total accuracy show the capability of multi-criteria evaluation methods by producing suitability maps with considering the importance of habitat evaluation criteria in modeling the suitability black bear habitat and the possibility of trade-off the criteria which causes criteria with more importance, support lower importance criteria.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Balouchi Black Bear
  • Habitat suitability
  • Multi-Criterion Evaluation
  • Weighted Linear Combination
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 485-499