نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی اثر دود ناشی از احتراق بنزین در موتور بر روی برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاهان آپارتمانی شفلرا (Schefflera arboricola)، بنت القنسول (Euphorbia pulcherrima) و دیفن باخیا (Dieffenbachia amoena)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد،ایران

2 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

3 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

چکیده

کمی‌سازی تحمل گیاهان به آلودگی هوا (Air Pollution Tolerance Index - APTI) در کنار سایر معیارها می‌تواند در راستای کاهش آلودگی هوا و توسعه فضای سبز امری سودمند باشد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تاثیر دود ناشی از احتراق بنزین در موتور بر روی برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی به ویژه شاخص تحمل به آلودگی هوا سه گونه آپارتمانی صورت گرفت. این مطالعه آزمایشگاهی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصادفی در دو گروه شاهد و تیمار صورت گرفت. ابتدا گیاهان آپارتمانی شفلرا، بنت القنسول و دیفن باخیا به مدت سه ماه در معرض دود ناشی از سوخت‌های موتوری قرار گرفتند. سپس با اندازه‌گیری دو فاکتور فیزیولوژیک محتوای آب نسبی و pH عصاره برگ و همچنین دو فاکتور بیوشیمیایی کلروفیل کل و اسید آسکوربیک، مقادیر APTI در گیاهان شاهد و تیمار تعیین گردید. برای بررسی پاسخ های فیزیولوژیک گیاهان علاوه بر فاکتورهای مذکور دو پارامتر پرولین و قند محلول اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد، در میان گونه‌های مورد مطالعه، بیشترین اسیدیته و محتوای آب نسبی در گیاه دیفن‌باخیا و بیشترین پرولین، اسید آسکوربیک و APTI در گیاه بنت القنسول است. همچنین تفاوت معنی‌داری در مقدار قند محلول و کلروفیل بین سه گونه مشاهده نشد. مقادیر APTI در گیاهان شفلرا، بنت القنسول و دیفن باخیا به ترتیب 10.37، 15.63 و 10.55 اندازه‌گیری شد. مقادیر شاخص APTI در گیاهان تیمار شده دیفن‌باخیا کمتر از گیاه شاهد بود. همچنین میزان پرولین و محتوای آب نسبی در گیاهان تیمار شده شفلرا کمتر از گیاهان شاهد بود. از آن جایی که گیاه بنت القنسول نسبت به دو گیاه شفلرا و دیفن باخیا در مقابل دود ناشی از احتراق سوخت بنزین در موتور بیشترین شاخص تحمل به آلودگی هوا را داشت، بنابراین توسعه فضای سبز آپارتمان ها با گیاه بنت القنسول در مقایسه با دو گونه گیاهی دیگر در اولویت قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating of the effect of the smoke from gasoline combustion in engine on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of Scheffleraarboricola, Euphorbia pulcherrima and Dieffenbachia amoena

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Malverdi 1
  • Asghar Mosleh Arany 2
  • Saeed Shojaee Barjoee 2
  • Mohammad Reza Sarafraz 3

1 Department of Environmental, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

2 Department of Environmental, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd, Iran

3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

چکیده [English]

Quantification of plant tolerance to air pollution (APTI) besides other criteria can be helpful in order to reduce air pollution and developing green space. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of smoke from gasoline combustion in engine on some physiological and biochemical characteristics, especially the Air Pollution Tolerance Index of three species of houseplants. This laboratory study was performed in a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design in two control and treatment groups. At first, houseplant plants of Scheffleraarboricola, Euphorbia pulcherrima and Dieffenbachia amoena were exposed to pollution due to motor fuels. Then, by measuring two physiological factors of relative water content and the PH of leaf extract, as well as the two biochemical factors of total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid, APTI values were determined in control and treatment plants. In addition to these factors, two parameters of proline and soluble sugar were measured to evaluate the physiological responses of plants. Results showed that among the studied species the highest acidity and relative water content were found in Dieffenbachia amoena and the highest proline, ascorbic acid and APTI were measured in Euphorbia pulcherrima. There was also no significant difference in the amount of soluble sugar and chlorophyll among the three species. The degree of APTI in Scheffleraarboricola, Euphorbia pulcherrima and Dieffenbachia amoena were respectively measured as 10.37, 15.63 and 10.55. The amount of APTI value in treated plant of Dieffenbachia amoena was lower than the control plants. Also, the amount of proline and relative water content in treated plants of Scheffleraarboricola was lower than the control plants. Since Euphorbia pulcherrima plant had the highest air pollution index compared to the other two plants of Scheffleraarboricola and Dieffenbachia amoena in the exposure to the smoke due to gasoline fuel combustion in engine, the development of green space in apartments with Euphorbia pulcherrima plant compared to the other two plant species has more priority.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Air Pollution Tolerance Index"
  • "Houseplant"
  • "Stress"
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 585-597