نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی همگرایی زیست‌محیطی عوامل تولید در بین چغندرکاران استان‌های منتخب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه زابل - گرو اقتصاد محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی

2 دانشگاه زابل

3 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

4 عضو هیأت علمی، دانشگاه زابل

5 دانشگاه جیرفت

چکیده

چغندرقند به علت مصارف گوناگون در دنیای امروز اهمیت اقتصادی و تجاری زیادی دارد. با توجه به این‌که این محصول ماده اولیه کارخانجات شکر می‌باشد، در سال‌های اخیر مورد توجه ویژه‌ی دولت قرار گرفته است. هدف از مطالعه‌ی حاضر، تعیین همگرایی زیست‌محیطی عوامل تولید چغندرکاران کشور در طی دوره زمانی 1396-1392 بود. داده‌های مورد نیاز از سایت آمار وزارت جهاد کشاورزی جمع‌آوری شد و با نرم‌افزارهای GAMZ2.1 و Ewiews9 تجزیه و تحلیل شد. برای این منظور ابتدا با استفاده از مدل تحلیل پوششی، داده‌های پنجره‌ای تحت شرایط بازده متغیر نسبت به مقیاس کارایی فنی استاندارد و کارایی فنی زیست‌محیطی عوامل تولید ریشه‌ی چغندر قند محاسبه شد. سپس با آزمون دیکی فولر همگرایی زیست‌محیطی عوامل تولید چغندرکاران بررسی شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که میانگین کارایی فنی استاندارد و کارایی فنی زیست‌محیطی به ترتیب 76/0 و 67/0 بودند. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از محاسبه‌ی میانگین کارایی فنی زیست‌محیطی می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که در این استان‌ها، ناکارایی زیست محیطی وجود دارد. بر اساس این نتایج و انجام هر چه بیشتر مطالعات در زمینه کارایی و انتقال این دستاوردها به مزارع استان‌ها از طریق آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی و سیاست حمایتی می‌توان کارایی فنی زیست‌محیطی تولید این محصول استراتژیک را افزایش داد. آزمون‌های همگرایی زیست‌محیطی نشان داد که در تمامی استان‌های مورد مطالعه همگرایی زیست‌محیطی عوامل تولید وجود دارد. این به معنای آن است که همه‌ی بهره‌برداران محصول ریشه‌ی چغندر قند گرایش به رشد کارایی فنی زیست محیطی عوامل تولید محصول دارند. این موضوع با توجه بحث آلودگی زیست‌محیطی در قرن حاضر و از طرفی حفاظت از محیط‌زیست برای نسل‌های آینده بسیار امیدوارکننده است. از جمله راهکارهای سیاستی برای افزایش کارایی فنی زیست‌محیطی برای استان‌هایی که با مشکل کارایی زیست‌محیطی روبه‌رو هستند، ترویج و گسترش تکنولوژی‎های جدید از قبیل آبیاری تحت‌ فشار، کاهش مصرف سموم و کودهای شیمیایی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the environmental convergence of production factors among beet growers in selected provinces of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • mostafa eskandary 1
  • saman ziaee 2
  • hamid karimi 3
  • mahmoud ahmadpour 4
  • ahmad Rafieepour 5

1 unuvercity of zabol

2 Associate Professor economic Agriculture - College of Agriculture - Iran – Zabol–university of Zabol

3 Assistant professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

4 agricultural economics department, university of zabol, Zabol Iran

5 univercity of jiroft

چکیده [English]

Due to the various uses, sugar beet is of economic and commercial importance in today's world. Regarding that this crop is the raw material of sugar factories, the government has recently paid a particular attention to its production. The main aim of this study was to specify environmental convergence of production factors among sugar beet growers in the country during the 2013-2017 years. The required data retrieved from the statistical reports of Ministry of Agriculture Jihad and then were analyzed using GAMZ2.1 and Ewiews9 software. For this purpose, the standard technical efficiency and the environmental technical efficiency of the sugar beet factors were first calculated using the data envelop analysis model of the window data under the conditions of variable return to scale. Consequently, the environmental convergent of sugar beet production factors was examined through the Dickie Fuller test. The findings showed that the average standard technical efficiency and environmental efficiency were 0.76 and 0.67, respectively. With regard to the average level of technical efficiency of the environment, it can be concluded that there is an environmental inefficiency in these provinces. Based on these results and further investigation of upon the efficiency and transferring these results to the provincial farms using agricultural extension and education system and supportive polices, the technical efficiency of the environment in production of this strategic crop can be increased. Environmental convergence tests showed that environmental convergence of production factors exists in the all studied provinces. It means that all sugar beet growers have a tendency to increase the technical and environmental efficiency of production factors. Given the issue of environmental pollution in the present century, this conclusion is very promising for future generations in terms of protection of the environment. Promoting and disseminating new technologies including pressurized irrigation systems and minimizing the application of pesticides and chemical fertilizers are among the policy solutions to increase the technical efficiency of the environment in the provinces dealing with the issue of environmental efficiency

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Standard technical efficiency
  • environmental technical efficiency
  • productivity
  • environmental convergence
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 427-441