نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مشخصات توزیع، رهاسازی، رفتار زیست‌محیطی و ارزیابی خطرکادمیوم در پسماندهای معدن سرب-روی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 آلودگی خاک، محیط زیست، عناصر پر مصرف و عناصر سنگین. دانشگاه زنجان

2 گروه علوم خاک. دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان. n

چکیده

معدن سرب و روی انگوران-زنجان بزرگترین تولید کننده سرب و روی در ایران و بزرگترین معدن سرب و روی خاورمیانه است. حجم پسماندهای تولید شده توسط این معدن بسیار زیاد می‌باشد که متأسفانه بدون عملیات حفاظتی در نواحی مختلف استان زنجان انباشته می‌شود. این پسماندها حاوی فلزات سنگین مختلفی مخصوصاً کادمیوم هستند که دفع و یا پخش آن‌ها در محیط‌زیست می‌تواند اثرات بسیار مخربی را بر منابع آب و خاک داشته باشد. درمطالعه حاضر به بررسی غلظت، توزیع و رفتار آبشویی و رهاسازی کادمیوم از نمونه پسماندهای این معدن (S1 و S2) پرداخته شده است. به منظور بررسی توزیع کادمیوم در بین اجزاء مختلف پسماندها از روش عصاره‌گیری متوالی و برای طبقه بندی پسماندها از نظر سطح خطر زیست‌محیطی از پروتکل‌های آبشویی روش ویژه سمیت (TCLP) روش آبشویی بارندگی مصنوعی (SPLP)، روش آبشویی مزرعه (FLT) و روش عصاره‌گیری شیرابه (LEP) استفاده گردید. همچنین تأثیر زمان تماس، اندازه ذرات، نسبت مایع به جامد و پی‌اچ بر رهاسازی کادمیوم از پسماندها مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که رهاسازی کادمیوم در دامنه اندازه ذرات مختلف یکسان است و با افزایش زمان آبشویی رهاسازی کادمیوم تقریباً به یک مقدار ثابت می‌رسد. همچنین مشخص گردید که رفتار رهاسازی کادمیوم حالت کاتیونی داشته و انحلال‌پذیری کنترل کننده غلظت کادمیوم در محلول آبشویی است. هر دو پسماند بر مبنای شاخص تحرک در گروه بقایای بسیار پر خطر قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایش TCLP نیز نشان داد که پسماند‌ها جزء بقایایی هستند که باید با عملیات مدیریتی بسیار مناسب حفاظت شوند، زیرا پتانسیل بالایی برای ایجاد آلودگی در منابع آب و خاک دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Distribution characteristics, release, environmental behavior and risk assessment of cadmium in Zn-Pb mine tailings

نویسندگان [English]

  • ahmad akhavan 1
  • Ahmad Golchin 2

1 دانشگاه زنجان

2 department of soil science, faculty of agriculture , univercity of zanjan. zanjan

چکیده [English]

Anguran-Zanjan lead and zinc mine is the largest producer of lead and zinc in Iran and the Middle East. The volume of tailings produced by this mine is very large, which unfortunately is accumulated in different parts of Zanjan province without any protection operations. These tailings contain a variety of heavy metals, especially cadmium, whose disposal or spread into the environment can have very hazardous effects on soil and water resources. The present study investigates the concentration, distribution, leaching behavior and release of cadmium from Zn-Pb mine tailings (S1 and S2). In order to investigate the distribution of cadmium among different tailings components sequential extraction method and to classify the tailings in terms of environmental risk level, leaching protocols include toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), field leach test (FLT) and leaching extraction procedure (LEP) was used. The effect of contact time, particle size, liquid to solid ratio and pH on cadmium release from tailings was also studied. The results showed that the cadmium release was the same in different particle size ranges and with the increase in leaching time, the release of cadmium almost reaches a constant value. It was also found that the cadmium release behavior was cationic and solubility controls the concentration of cadmium in the leaching solution. Both tailings were classified as highly hazardous residues based on the mobility index. The results of the TCLP test also show that tailings are one of the substances that should be protected by very good management practices because they have a high potential for contaminating the soil and water resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Particle size
  • pH
  • Leaching time
  • Liquid-solid ratio
  • Leaching protocols
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 411-426