نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مقایسه تصاعد گازهای دی‌اکسیدکربن (CO2) و متان (CH4) در برخی کاربریهای اراضی شهرستان بهبهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء، بهبهان، خوزستان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این تحقیق بررسی میزان تصاعد گاز‌های دی‌اکسیدکربن (〖CO〗_2) و متان (〖CH〗_4) در برخی کاربری‌های موجود در منطقه مطالعاتی در دو فصل پاییز و بهار می‌باشد. منطقه مطالعاتی در بخشی از اراضی شهرستان بهبهان واقع در جنوب شرقی استان خوزستان واقع شده است. منطقه دارای کاربری‌های کشاورزی، مرتع و نخلستان بوده که عمده وسعت منطقه را اراضی با کاربری کشاورزی تشکیل می‌دهند که تحت کشت محصولات گندم، کلزا ، باقلا و یونجه قرار می‌گیرند. از این رو، محل نقاط برداشت نمونه‌های گازی به نحوی انتخاب گردید که همه کاربری‌ها با کشت‌های عمده منطقه را شامل گردد. از اتاقک های بسته ساکن جهت جمع‌آوری و برداشت نمونه‌های گازی استفاده گردید. طرح فاکتوریل بر پایه بلوک کاملا تصادفی با 2 تکرار به عنوان طرح آماری انتخاب و در نرم افزار 9.2 SAS اجرا گردید. جهت مقایسه میانگین‌ها نیز از آزمون دانکن استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد، که میانگین تصاعد گازهای کربنه بین کاربری‌های مختلف معنی‌دار است(05/0>P) و بیشترین تصاعد گاز‌های کربنه در کاربری کشاورزی مشاهده گردید، به طوری کشت یونجه با میانگین09/1 (گرم کربن در متر مربع در روز) و باقلا با میانگین 5/0 (گرم کربن در متر مربع در روز) به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین میزان تصاعد را در کاربری کشاورزی داشتند. پس از کاربری کشاورزی، اراضی با کاربری نخلستان با تصاعد 54/0 (گرم کربن در متر مربع در روز) و اراضی مرتعی با تصاعد 33/0 (گرم کربن در متر مربع در روز) قرار دارند. نتایج همچنین نشان داد، که میزان تصاعد گازهای دی‌اکسیدکربن در فصل بهار بیشتر از فصل پاییز می‌باشد ولی میزان تصاعد گازمتان فصل پاییز از فصل بهار بیشتر می‌باشد و به جز درصد شن، بین خصوصیات خاک و میزان تصاعد گازهای کربنه همبستگی معنی داری دیده نشد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تاثیر فصل و نوع کاربری بر میزان تصاعد گازهای کربنه بیشتر از خصوصیات خاک می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of CO2 and CH4 emissions from selected land uses of Behbahan city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saheb Khordehbin 1
  • Saeid Hojati 1
  • Ahmad Landi 2
  • Iman Ahmadianfar 3

1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran

2 Department of Soil Science , Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran

3 Department of Civil Engineering, Khatam-al-Anbia University of Behbahan, Khuzestan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of carbon dioxide and methane emissions to the atmosphere in two seasons, autumn and spring. The study area is located in some parts of Behbahan city in the southeast of Khuzestan province. The area comprised agricultural, rangeland and palm tree land uses. In agricultural land use, the majority of the area is cultivated by wheat, rapeseed, bean and alfalfa crops. Hence, the locations of the gas sampling points were selected in a way that includes all land uses with major crops in the area. The closed Static Chamber (CSC) was used for collecting and harvesting gas samples. Accordingly, an experiment based on randomized complete block design with 2 replications was run in SAS v 9.2. To compare the averages, the Duncan test was used. The results showed that the averages of carbon dioxide and methane emissions were significantly (p < 0.05) different among land uses. The highest amounts of carbon emissions occurred in agricultural land uses. The alfalfa cultivation with an average of 1.09 g carbon / m2 per day and bean with an average of 0.5 g carbon/m2 per day had the highest and the lowest rate of gas emission, respectively. Lands with palm tree cultivations (0.54 g/m2/day) and rangelands with an emission rate of 0.33 (g/m2/day) placed in the next orders. The results also showed that carbon dioxide emissions were higher in spring than in autumn but methane emissions are higher in autumn than in spring. There was no significant correlation between soil properties and carbon emission levels except sand percentages. The overall results showed that the effect of season and land use on carbon gas emissions is more than soil properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbon emission
  • closed chamber
  • land use
  • Greenhouse Gase
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 457-470