طراحی مدیریت پسماندهای صنعتی با رویکرد تجزیه‌وتحلیل جریان مواد (MFA)، مطالعه موردی شهرک صنعتی نظرآباد استان البرز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، شهر کرج

2 گروه محیط زیست- دانشکده منابع طبیعی- دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

توسعه طرح جامع مدیریت پسماند های صنعتی با در نظر گرفتن جنبه های اقتصادی و زیست محیطی، می تواند به استفاده بهینه از منابع کمک کند. هدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی ارزیابی وضعیت موجود مدیریت پسماند شامل مقدار و ترکیب پسماند و نحوه جمع-آوری آن در شهرک صنعتی نظرآباد و ارایه سناریوها برای بهبود وضعیت سامانه مدیریت پسماند شهرک است. سناریو 1: جمع‌آوری پسماند و انتقال آن به یک تاسیسات بازیافت، سناریو 2: جمع‌آوری پسماند و دفن مستقیم در لندفیل تعریف شد. بعد از تعیین سناریوها، با استفاده از مفهوم موازنه جرم (MFA) میزان پسماند در هر یک از سناریوها محاسبه شد. محاسبات موازنه جرم و نیز برآورد عدم قطعیت محاسبات در نرم‌افزار STAN انجام شد. تحلیل جریان مواد در یک بازه زمانی 5 ساله برای پسماندهای تولید شده در شهرک انجام شد. در مرحله بعد این داده‌ها در تحلیل ارزیابی چرخه‌زندگی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و اثرات زیست‌محیطی هر یک از سناریوها برآورد گردید. نتایج حاصل از چرخه زندگی در پنج طبقه اثر موجود در سناریو اول کمتر از سناریو دوم بود به جز میزان گازهای اسیدی که در سناریو اول بیشتر است و آن هم ممکن است به دلیل واحد تولید RDF در این سناریو است که با جمع‌بندی کل نتایج، سناریو اول بار زیست‌محیطی کمتری داشت. در بخش نتایج اقتصادی، سناریو اول هزینه اولیه بیشتری نسبت به سناریو دوم داشت اما در طی بازه زمانی چند ساله میزان سود حاصل از فروش RDF و همچنین مشکلات حاصل از دفن و به طبع هزینه‌های ناشی از این مشکلات در لندفیل کمتر خواهد بود که در انتها با جمع‌بندی کل نتایج، سناریو اول به عنوان سناریو برتر انتخاب گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Industrial waste management planning using a Material Flow Analysis (MFA) approach, case study: Nazarabad industrial estate, Alborz province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzane Mirzabayati 1
  • Reza Rafiee 2
  • mazaher Moeinaddini 3

1 Department of Environment Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

2 Department of Environment Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

3 Department of Environment Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

Development of an integrated industrial solid waste management plan, taking into account economic and environmental aspects, can help to optimal use of resources. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the existing solid waste management system in Nazarabad Industrial Estate and to propose scenarios to enhance the current waste management system. After waste quantity and composition determined, new scenarios were defined and each scenario was compared using an approach based on MFA. Proposed waste management scenarios were:1: collection of waste and transfer to a material recovery facility. 2: collection of waste and disposal of waste in landfill. Considering a 5-year time frame for waste management, the MFA and uncertainty analysis was implemented in STAN software. In the next step, using results obtained from MFA, environmental burdens of each scenario was calculated using life cycle assessment method. The results of this study revealed that, except for acid gas emission impact category, scenario one will result in lower environmental impacts. It is conjectured that the RDF process incorporated into scenario one may resulted in higher acid gas emissions. A preliminary economic analysis also showed that the capital cost of implementing scenario one is higher but the revenue from the sale of RDF will return back the capital cost within 5 years. Due to an increase of public opposition to the sitting of new landfills, the cost of current waste management, which relied totally on landfilling of waste, will even increase significantly in the future. Therefore, we propose to implement scenario one in order to move towards a more sustainable way of waste management in this industrial city.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Industrial waste management
  • Nazarabad Industrial Estate
  • Material Flow Analysis (MFA)
  • Environmental life cycle analysis
Ahaneku, I. E., & Njemanze, C. F. (2015). Material flow analysis of Abattoir solid waste management system in Minna, Nigeria. The Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management, 41(2): 165-172.
Allesch, A., & Brunner, P. H. (2015). Material flow analysis as a decision support tool for waste management: A literature review. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 19(5): 753-764.
Banar M., Cokaygil Z., Ozkan A. (2009).  Life cycle assessment of solid waste management options for Eskisehir, Turkey Waste Management, 29. 54- 62
Brunner, P. H., and Rechberger H. (2004). Practical handbook of material flow analysis. 9(5): 337-338.
Brunner, P. H., Tang. J. (2014). Decision support for waste management in cities based on the software STAN. Institute of Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management.
Burgahi, M.,  Nasiri, P., Asghari, S., 2002. Environmental Studies of Industrial Towns of Iran, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 4, No. 1, 12-1. In Persian
Cencic, O., & Rechberger, H., 2008. Material flow analysis with software STAN. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Management, 18(1): 440-447.
Coelho, L. M. G., & Lange, L. C. (2018). Applying life cycle assessment to support environmentally sustainable waste management strategies in Brazil. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 128, 438-450.
Ghahramani, S., Younesi, F., Shirazi, M., and  Nowroozi, F. ( 2014). Positive and Negative Effects of Paper Recycling on the Environment, First National Conference on Geography, Tourism, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Tehran, Iran Institute of Science, Planning and Development Sustainable Tourism University of Tehran. In Persian
Ghanatian, R., Ghaffari, E., Taheri, M., 2012. Industrial Waste Management with AHP Hierarchy Process Analysis Approach for Industrial Towns, Sixth National Conference and First International  Management Conference on Waste Management, Mashhad, Organization of Municipalities and Departments of the Country. In Persian
Ghanbarzadeh Lak, M., Mohammadzadeh, S., 2010. Evaluation of the life cycle of urban solid waste disposal scenarios in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Case study of Siri Island, Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 36, No. 55, 67-78. In Persian
 Ghoshayeshi, M., Ayati, B., and Ganji doust, H. (2011). Management of waste recycling in Semnan industrial town, Human and Environmental Quarterly, No. 4, 49-56. In Persian
Hauschild, M. Z., & Huijbregts, M. A. (2015). Introducing life cycle impact assessment. In Life Cycle Impact Assessment (pp. 1-16). Springer, Dordrecht.
Lasvaux, S., Achim, F., Garat, P., Peuportier, B., Chevalier, J., & Habert, G. (2016). Correlations in Life Cycle Impact Assessment methods (LCIA) and indicators for construction materials: What matters?. Ecological indicators, 67, 174-182.
Pires, A., Martinho, G., & Chang, N. B. (2011). Solid waste management in European countries: A review of systems analysis techniques. Journal of environmental management, 92(4): 1033-1050.
Powell, J., 2000. The potential for using life cycle inventory analysis inlocal authority waste management decision making. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 43, 351–367.
Sepahand, L., 2018. Different Methods for Providing the Results of Life Cycle Effects Evaluation (LCIA), Fourth International Conference on Environmental Planning and Management, Tehran, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran. https://www.civilica.com/Paper-ESPME04-ESPME04_381.html. In Persian
Shafiee, A., Jafarzadeh, N., Taghavi, L., omrani, Gh., Shafiee, M.,  2015. Use of Life Cycle Lifecycle with Multivariate Analysis in Urban Waste Management Case Study Shahin Shahr, First National Conference on Geography, Tourism, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Tehran, Iran. In Persian
Shahbazi, A., and Safaniyan, A. (2016). Qualitative and Quantitative Qualitative and Industrial Waste Management in Some Industrial Units of Isfahan Province, Journal of Environmental and Development, Vol. 6, No. 11, pp. 18-13. In Persian
Tika, S., Samadi, R., 2015 Application of LCA4 AFR model in environmental assessment of CO2 life cycle (case study of cerman factory), third conference and international exhibition of cement, energy and environment, Tehran, University of Tehran, https: /www.civilica.com/Paper-CIEE03-CIEE03_014.html. In Persian
Turner, D. A., Williams, I. D., & Kemp, S. (2015). Greenhouse gas emission factors for recycling of source-segregated waste materials. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 105, 186-197.
Turner, D. A., Williams, I. D., & Kemp, S. (2016). Combined material flow analysis and life cycle assessment as a support tool for solid waste management decision making. Journal of cleaner production, 129, 234-248.
Wagland, S. T., Kilgallon, P., Coveney, R., Garg, A., Smith, R., Longhurst, P. J.,  Simms, N., 2011. Comparison of coal/solid recovered fuel (SRF) with coal/refuse derived fuel (RDF) in a fluidised bed reactor. Waste Management, 31(6): 1176-1183.
Wagland, S. T., Veltre, F., & Longhurst, P. J. (2012). Development of an image-based analysis method to determine the physical composition of a mixed waste material. Waste Management, 32(2), 245-248.
Yaghmaeian, K. Roudbari, A., and Nazemi, S. (2014). Design and Implementation of Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan for Industrial Towns, Case Study of Sharood Industrial Town, Journal of Health and Environment, Volume 6, Issue 3, 340-329. In Persian