نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی کارایی زیست محیطی پنبه‌کاران کشور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه س وب

2 استادیار دانشکده اقتصاد-دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان

3 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشکده علوم زیستی و کشاورزی پایدار دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان

چکیده

پنبه به علت مصارف گوناگون در دنیای امروز، اهمیت اقتصادی و تجاری زیادی دارد. همچنین این محصول یکی از مهم‌ترین گیاهان روغنی در سطح جهان می‌باشد و کشت و کار آن در کشورها به‌طور روزافزون افزایش می‌یابد. با توجه به اینکه این محصول ماده اولیه صنایع نساجی می‌باشد، در سال‌های اخیر مورد توجه ویژه‌ی دولت قرارگرفته است؛ لذا بررسی کارایی این محصول عامل بسیار مهم و تأثیر‌گذاری در افزایش تولید و عملکرد آن، بدون نیاز به هزینه اضافی، می‌باشد. در مطالعه حاضر انواع کارایی فنی، تخصیصی، اقتصادی با دو روش استاندارد و تلفیقی ویژه در دو سطح ثابت و متغیر نسبت به مقیاس برای تعیین کارایی مصرف آب و زیست محیطی آن در استان‌های تولیدکننده این محصول انجام گرفت. اطلاعات آماری این مطالعه از سالنامه 94-93 جهاد کشاورزی استخراج گردیده است. متوسط کارایی اقتصادی، متغیر نسبت به مقیاس در دو روش استاندارد و زیست محیطی به ترتیب برابر با 81/0 و 78/0 درصد می‌باشد. در این مطالعه پس از حل مدل‌ تحلیل پوششی نهاده گرا، نتایج حاصله برای مقایسه دو روش استاندارد و زیست محیطی در سطح متغیر و ثابت نسبت به مقیاس موردبررسی قرار گرفت. با استناد به این نتایج استان‌هایی که با روش استاندارد، کارا شناخته شده‌اند، با روش کارایی ویژه(زیست محیطی) نیز نسبتا کارا می‌باشند. اما برای استان‌های غیرکارا، مقدار برآورد شده درروش تلفیقی ویژه نسبت به مقادیر کارایی استاندارد کمتر می‌باشد. به عبارت دیگر کارایی زیست محیطی(تلفیقی ویژه)در این روش نتایج دقیق‌تری نسبت به کارایی استاندارد برآورد نموده است که نتایج حاکی از آن است که برخی استان‌ها از لحاظ زیست‌محیطی و مصرف آب کارا نبوده است. توصیه می‌شود با آگاهی رساندن به کشاورزان پنبه از طریق شرکت دادن آنان در کلاسهای ترویجی، اصلاح روش‌های آبیاری و استفاده از آب سبز (تصفیه فاضلاب) به بالا رفتن کارایی کمک شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Environmental Efficiency of Cotton Workers in the country

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad norouzian 1
  • marzie esfandiari 2
  • shseyedmahdi Hoseyni 3
  • Shoja Musapour 1

1 Ph.D. student of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Agriculture, Sistan and Baluchestan University, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Economics, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Agriculture, Sistan and Baluchestan University, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Agriculture, Sistan and Baluchestan University, Iran

چکیده [English]

Cotton has economic and commercial importance, due to the various uses in today's world. It is also one of the most important oily plants in the world, and its cultivation is increasing in countrys. In recent years the government has special attention, considering that this product is the raw material of textile industry; therefore, the evaluation of this product is a very important factor and has an impact on increasing its production and performance without the need for additional costs. In the present study, technical, allocation, economic, and technical measures were performed with two standard and combined methods, at two fixed and variable levels, in order to determine the water use efficiency and its environmental performance in the producing provinces of this product. The statistical data of this study were extracted from the Agricultural Jihad in the years 2015-2014. The average economic efficiency, variable in relation to scale in both standard and environmental methods is respectively 0.81 and 0.78% respectively. In this study, after solving the institutionalization overlay model, the results were compared to the standard scale for comparing both standard and environmental methods at constant and constant levels. Based on these results, the provinces that are well-known efficient in the standard method are also relatively efficient by the specific environmental method. But for non-efficient provinces, the estimated value of the special compilation method is lower than the standard values. It is advisable to help raise the productivity of cotton farmers through their participation in extension classes, the improvement of irrigation practices and the use of green water (sewage treatment).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cotton
  • ecological
  • Water use efficiency
  • deficit variable
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 72، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 389-402