نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی آسیب پذیری کیفی آبخوان دشت بیرجند به روش SINTACS

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران آب و سازه های هیدرولیکی و عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

3 ریاست پژوهشکده محیط های خشک ، استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران ، واحد مشهد ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، مشهد ، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت منابع آب‌های زیرزمینی و بحران کم‌آبی در ایران باید توجه بسیار زیادی به این منابع شود. یکی از چالش ها در این خصوص آلوده شدن این منابع است، لذا با بررسی‌های مناسب باید مناطقی که تحت تأثیر آلودگی قرار دارند شناسایی‌شده و برای رفع آلودگی اقدامات لازم صورت گیرد. در بسیاری از موارد، آلودگی آب‌های زیرزمینی بعد از آلوده شدن چاه‌های آب شرب شناسایی می‌شوند. شناسایی مناطق آسیب پذیر آبخوان می تواند زمینه ساز اقدامات هدفمند پیشگیرانه از آلودگی آب های زیرزمینی گردد. روش های مختلفی برای ارزیابی آسیب پذیری ارائه شده است که یکی از پر استفاده ترین و شناخته شده ترین روش های شاخص همپوشانی به عنوان مدل SINTACS در این تحقیق مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی آسیب‌پذیری کیفی آبخوان دشت بیرجند با استفاده از مدل SINTACS در دوره آماری سالهای 95 تا 96 می‌باشد. بر اساس نتایج این ارزیابی نقشه پهنه‌بندی آسیب‌پذیری SINTACS نشان می‌دهد که 81/12 درصد از مساحت منطقه مطالعاتی دارای آسیب‌پذیری در محدوده متوسط تا زیاد، 47/80 درصد از مساحت منطقه دارای آسیب‌پذیری زیاد و 71/6 درصد از مساحت منطقه دارای آسیب‌پذیری خیلی زیاد می‌باشد. جهت صحت سنجی مدلSINTACS به بررسی ارتباط بین شاخص آسیب پذیری و مقادیر غلظت نیترات بدست آمده از 21 نمونه آب زیرزمینی پرداخته شده است. ضریب همبستگی بدست آمده بین شاخص آسیب پذیری SINTACS و غلظت نیترات 71 درصد به دست آمده است که نشان دهنده همبستگی مناسب این مدل با غلظت نیترات به عنوان شاخص آلودگی آبهای زیرزمینی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Qualitative Vulnerability Assessment of Birjand Plain Aquifer Using SINTACS Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mobin Eftekhari 1
  • Mohammad Akbari 2
  • Abbas Ali Ghezelsofloo 3

1 Master of Science (MSc), Civil Engineering, Water and Hydraulic Structures, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

2 Assist. Prof. at Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran

3 Head of Arid Environment Research Center, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Given the importance of groundwater resources and the water shortage crisis in Iran, a significant attention should be paid to these resources. One of regarding challenges is the resource pollution; therefore the vulnerable resources should be revealed based on suitable assessments to eliminate pollutions by the necessary actions. In the most cases, the groundwater pollution can be detected after the drinking water wells were polluted. Detection of vulnerable zones of an aquifer can be used for the groundwater pollution preventive actions. Different vulnerability assessment methods have been presented which one of the proper and well-known methods of overlaying indicator named SINTACS has been used in this research. The study aims assessing the qualitative vulnerability of Birjand plain aquifer, using SINTACS model for a statistical period of 2016-2017. Based on the results of this assessment, the SINTACS vulnerability zoning map indicates that 12.81 percent of the zone space has a vulnerability of medium to high level, 80.47 percent of the space has a high vulnerability level and 6.71 percent of the space has a very high vulnerability level. For the SINTACS model verification, the relation between vulnerability and Nitrate density values of 21 groundwater samples have been examined. The gained correlation coefficient between vulnerability index of SINTACS and Nitrate density was 71 which shows suitable correlation of this model with Nitrate density as groundwater pollution index.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater
  • Pollution
  • Geographical Information System
  • Nitrate
  • SINTACS
Ahmadi, A., Aberoumand, M. 2009. Vulnerability of Khash-Plain Aquifer, Eastern Iran, to Pollution Using Geographic Information System (GIS). Journal of Geotechnical Geology,5,1,1-11(In Persian)
Antonakos, A.K., lambrakis., N.J. 2007.Development and testing of three hybrid methods for the assessment of aquifer Vulnerability to nitrates, based on the Drastic model, an example from NE Korinthia, Greece.journal of Hydrology,2.333,288-304.
Brahim, F.B., Kanfir, H. Bouri, S. 2012. Groundwater Vulnerability and Risk mapping of the Northern sfax Aquifer, Tunisia".Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 37.5, 1405-1421.
Civita, M . 1994. Vulnerability maps of aquifers subjected to pollution: theory and practice. Pitagora Editrice,  Bologna,p325
Ewusi, A., Ahenkorah, I., Kuma, J.2017. Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment of the Tarkwa Mining Area Using SINTACS Approach and GIS. Ghana Mining Journal,17,18-30
Fadaei Nobandeghani, A. 2014. The evaluation of the inherent vulnerability potential of Shiraz plain aquifer using DRASTIC and COMPOSITE DRASTIC (CD) and NITRATE VUL- NERABILITY NV models in the GIS. Master's Thesis Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. (In Persian)
Hassanpour, M., Khozeymehnezhad, H. 2018. Placement of nutrient wells for artificial nutrition and improvement of aquifer quality in Birjand plain using treated wastewater. Iranian Journal of Research in Environmental Health,4.3, 215-226. (In Persian)
Huan, H., Wang, J., Teng, Y. 2012. Assessment and validation of groundwater vulnerability to nitrate based on a modified DRASTIC model: A case study in Jilin City of northeast China. Science of the Total Environment,440.1,14-23
Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran. Drinking water -Physical and chemical specifications.2015. 5th.Revision. ICS:13.060.020.(In Persian)
Keshavarz, A., Khashei Seouki, A., Najafi, M.H.2013. Locating of Suitable Area of Pumping Drinking Water Using FAHP Method (Case Study: Birjand Aquifer).Journal of Water and Wastewater,25.3, 135-142. (In Persian)
Kim, YJ., Hamm S.Y.1999.Assessment of the potential for groundwater contamination using the DRASTIC/EGIS technique, Cheongju area, South Korea. Hydrogeology Journal,17.2, 227-235.
Lodwick, W.A., Monson, W., Svoboda, L. 1990. Attribute error and sensitivity analysis of map operations in geographical informations systems: suitability analysis. International Journal of Geographical Information System, 4.4, 413-428.
Mahmoodzadeh, E., Rezaeian, S.and Ahmadi, A. 2013. Sensitivity Analysis of Groundwater Vulnerability in the Meymeh Plain of Isfahan using the DRASTIC Method.The 1st International Conference on Environmental Crisis and its Solutions. Kish Island - Islamic Azad University of Science and Research Branch of Ahwaz. (In Persian)
Mastrocicco, M., Gianluigi, B., Kazakis, N., Colombani, N., Voudouris, K., Tedesco, D.2017. Amodified SINTACSmethod for groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk assessment in highly anthropized regions based on NO3 and SO4 concentrations. Science of the Total Environment,609,1512-1523
Naseri, H.and  Sareminejad, F. 2011. Comparison of the Evaluation of Aquifer Vulnerability by DRASTIC and Fuzzy Logic Models Case Study: Golgir Plain of Masjed Soleyman. Journal of Physical Geography,11,4,17-34. (In Persian)
Pisciotta, A., Cusimano, G., Favara, R.2015. Groundwater nitrate risk assessment using intrinsic vulnerability methods: A comparative study of environmental impact by intensive farming in the Mediterranean region of Sicily, Italy. Journal of Geochemical Exploration,156,89-100
Piscopo, G., 2001. Groundwater vulnerability map explanatory notes - Lachlan Catchment. NSW Department of Land and Water Conservation, Parramatta, NSW, Australia,14 p.
Qadir, R., Hamamin D., Saeed S.2016. Groundwater vulnerability map of Sulaymaniyah sub-basin using SINTACS model, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani ,20,277-292
Rahimzadeh kivi, M., Hamzeh, S., Kardan Moghadam, H. 2015. Identification of Vulnerability Potential of Groundwater Quality in Birjand Plain using DRASTIC Model and its calibration using AHP. Physical Geography Research ,47.3 , 481-498. (In Persian)
Rahman, A., 2008.A Gis based Drastic model for assessing groundwater vulnerability in shallow aquifer in Aligarh. India. Applied Geography, 28.1, 32-53.
Shiekhvanloo, M.2007.Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability Potential of Birjand plain. Dissertation for M.Sc. Degree in Hydrogeology. University of Sistan and Baluchestan.(In Persian)
Tesoriero, A.J., Inkpen E.L., Voss, F.D. 1998. Assessing ground-water vulnerability using logistic regression. Proceedings for the Source Water Assessment and Protection 98 Conference, Dallas, TX, 157– 65.
Vrba, J.,Zaporozec, A.1994. Guidebook on mapping groundwater vulnerability. International contributions to hydrogeology. 16
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 72، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 279-294