نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی و ارزیابی وضعیت جزیره حرارتی کلان‌شهر تهران با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مدرس گروه معماری دانشگاه بناب و دانشجوی دکتری

2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز

چکیده

جزیره حرارتی شهر یکی از بارزترین پیامدهای گسترش شهرنشینی و توسعه کلان‌شهرها است. اثرات ناشی از شکل‌گیری جزیره‌های حرارتی می‌تواند نقشی اساسی و مهم در کیفیت هوا و به تبع آن سلامت عمومی ایفا می‌نماید. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش پوشش عناصر سطح زمین در تغییرات اقلیمی دما در کلان‌شهر تهران صورت پذیرفته است. در این مطالعه، اطلاعات مورد نیاز از باندهای‌های 10 و 11 سنجنده‌های OLI و TIRS ماهواره لندست 8 در دو دوره تابستان و زمستان سال 2017 مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. برای بررسی وضعیت جزیره حرارتی، از طبقات تک باند برای بررسی توزیع دمای سطح زمین در محدوده تهران و تعیین اثرات محلی جزیره حرارتی در سطح این شهر استفاده شد. در ادامه همبستگی دمای سطح زمین با شاخص پوشش گیاهی تفاضل نرمال شده، شاخص ساخت و ساز، شاخص زمین بایر و شاخص آببرای تعیین اثرات زمین سبز، لخت، آبی و مسکونی بر روی جزیره حرارتی به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر جزیره حرارت شهری بیشتر در مناطق شمالی این شهر قرار داشته که ناشی از وجود شهرک صنعتی و توپوگرافی کوهستانی است. همچنین بین دمای سطح زمین و شاخص پوشش گیاهی تهران ارتباط وجود دارد به‌نحوی‌که با کاهش پوشش گیاهی میزان دمای سطح این شهر، افزایش یافته است. در نهایت با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش پیشنهاد‌های کاربردی ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation and evaluation of thermal island status of Tehran metropolis, using satellite imagery

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Majnouni- Toutakhane 1
  • Mohammad Ebrahim Ramazani 2

1 Department of art and architecture, University of Bonab

2 Islamic University of Tabriz Branch

چکیده [English]

The island's thermal city is one of the most prominent consequences of the expansion of urbanization and metropolitan development. The effects of the formation of thermal islands can play an important role in air quality and, consequently, in general health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of surface coatings on climate change in Tehran metropolis. In this study, the required data from the 10 and 11 bands of OLI and TIRS sensors of Satellite Landsat 8 in the summer and winter of 2017 are used. To study the thermal island status, single-band classes were used to study the distribution of ground temperature in the Tehran area and determine the local effects of Thermal Island in the city. Based on research findings, surface temperature and variables vegetation cover, city structural features and wasteland area, normal difference it was obtained to determine the effects of green, bare, blue and residential land on thermal island. The results showed that the effect of Isle of Man in the northern regions of the city is due to the existence of industrial township and mountain topography. There is also a correlation between ground temperature and Tehran's vegetation index, as the surface temperature of the city has increased with decreasing vegetation. Finally, according to research findings, practical proposals have been presented.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Landsat8
  • Earth surface temperature
  • Urban Thermal Island
  • Tehran Metropolis
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 72، شماره 1
فروردین 1398
صفحه 29-43