نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی تجمع و مقایسه فلزات سنگین در بافت‌های ماهی کفال طلایی (Liza aurata) در دو دوره رسیدگی جنسی و استراحت جنسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن

2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، تنکابن

چکیده

هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی میزان تجمع پنج فلز سنگین سرب، کادمیوم، جیوه، آرسنیک و کروم در بافتهای عضله، کبد و آبشش ماهی کفال طلایی Liza aurata، در حوزه جنوبی دریای خزر بود. نمونه برداری از 100 عدد ماهیان بالغ کفال، از 10 ایستگاه در دو دوره رسیدگی جنسی (فصل پاییز) و استراحت جنسی (فصل بهار) انجام گردید. جهت اندازه‌گیری غلظت فلزات سنگین بافتهای عضله، کبد و آبشش هر یک از ماهیان تفکیک گردید. استخراج فلزات از بافتهای مورد نظر از روش هضم با استفاده از مخلوط اسید استفاده شد. تعیین غلظت بوسیله دستگاه جذب اتمی مجهز به سیستم کوره گرافیتی انجام شد. میزان جذب فلزات سنگین در بافت عضله در دوره رسیدگی جنسی به ترتیب سرب، کادمیوم، جیوه، آرسنیک و کروم با میانگین 40/1، 43/0، 16/0، 07/0 و 54/0 میکروگرم برگرم بود و در دوره استراحت جنسی به ترتیب با میانگین 90/1، 93/0، 24/0، 12/0 و 61/0 میکروگرم برگرم بود. در کل میزان جذب فلزات سنگین در دوره استراحت جنسی (As˂Hg˂Cr˂Cd˂Pb) بیشتر از دوره رسیدگی جنسی (As˂Hg˂Cd˂Cr˂Pb) بود. میزان تجمع فلزات بین سه بافت به صورت کبد> آبشش > عضله بود و این اختلاف معنی‌دار بود. طبق دادهای ثبت شده از فلزات سنگین در بافت عضله در مقایسه با حد مجاز اعلام شده توسط سازمان بهداشت جهانی و انجمن بهداشت ملی و تحقیقات پزشکی استرالیا هر پنج فلز Pb، Cd ، Cr ، Hg و As بالاتر از حد مجاز استاندارد جهانی بود، بنابراین مصرف این ماهی برای سلامتی انسان ضرر دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluate and Compare the Accumulation of the Heavy Metals in Tissues of the Gray Mullet (Liza aurata) during the Sexual Maturity and Sexual Rest

نویسنده [English]

  • Mehrnoush Norouzi 1

1

2

چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to measure the concentration of five heavy metals, including lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, and chrome in muscle liver, and gill of the gray mullet, Liza aurata in southern part of the Caspian Sea. The samples were collected from 100 adult gray mullet in 10 stations during the sexual maturity (in the fall) and sexual rest (in the spring). The muscle, liver, and gill tissues of each fish were separated in order to measure the concentration of the heavy metals. The acid digestion method was used to extract the metals from the tissues. The concentration was determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean concentration of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, and chrome in the muscle tissue respectively was 1.40, 0.43, 0.16, 0.07 and 0.54 µg/g during the sexual maturity and 1.90, 0.93, 0.24, 0.12 and 0.61 µg/g during the sexual rest. Generally, the uptake of heavy metals during the sexual rest (Pb>Cd>Cr>Hg>As) was higher than that during the sexual maturity (Pb>Cr>Cd>Hg>As). The concentration of the metals in the three tissues was as follows: liver > gill > muscle. The difference between tissues in terms of the concentration of the metals was significant. The comparison of the data obtained for the muscle tissue with the standards of the World Health Organization and Australian National Health and Medical Research Council showed that the concentration of all the five heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cd, Hg, As) was higher than the global standard level, and thus, the consumption of this fish can harm people.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heavy metals
  • bioaccumulation
  • sexual cycle
  • Liza aurata
  • Caspian Sea
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 71، شماره 1
خرداد 1397
صفحه 125-137