نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی اثرات بیوچار و بقایای گیاهی پوستة برنج بر رشد و ترکیبات شیمیایی گیاه لوبیا در یک خاک آهکی آلوده به لجن فاضلاب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

هرچند استفاده از لجن فاضلاب به عنوان یک منبع ارزان قیمت و سرشار از مواد آلی و عناصر غذایی، تأثیر مثبتی بر رشد گیاه دارد اما تجمع برخی فلزات سنگین در نتیجة کاربرد آن، استفاده از این ماده را در کشاورزی محدود می‌کند. مطالعة حاضر در قالب یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 3×4×3 کاملاً تصادفی با فاکتور لجن فاضلاب در سه سطح (0، 50 و 100 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک)، چهار تیمار (شاهد، بیوچار، بقایای گیاهی و بیوچار + بقایای گیاهی) و سه تکرار به­کار گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد لجن فاضلاب تأثیر مثبت و معنی­دار (6/12 درصد) بر وزن خشک محصول لوبیا داشته است. استفاده از این ماده همچنین غلظت و جذب کل عناصر روی، مس، آهن و منگنز )اندازه‌گیری شده به­وسیلة دستگاه جذب اتمی( را در گیاه افزایش داد که نشان‌دهندة امکان استفاده از این مادة آلی در تأمین عناصر کم مصرف کاتیونی برای گیاه است. افزودن مخلوط بیوچار و بقایای گیاهی پوستة برنج به خاک تیمار شده با لجن فاضلاب، بر رشد گیاه لوبیا تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌دار داشت، به گونه‌ای که بیشینة وزن خشک این گیاه در بر همکنشی تیمار بیوچار + بقایای گیاهی و لجن فاضلاب در سطح کاربرد 100 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک به­دست آمد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد رشدی معادل 4/40 درصد را نشان داد. به طورکلی کاربرد بیوچار و بقایای پوستة برنج سبب کاهش معنی‌دار میانگین غلظت روی و منگنز در اندام هوایی گیاه لوبیا نسبت به شاهد گردید اما افزودن بقایای پوستة برنج و مخلوط بیوچار + بقایا به خاک تیمار شده با لجن فاضلاب، افزایش معنی‌دار غلظت مس را در اندام هوایی گیاه در پی داشت. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of rice husk biochar and residues on growth and chemical composition of bean in a sewage sludge treated calcareous soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • j j 1
  • l l 2
  • b b 1

1 j

2 l

چکیده [English]

Although sewage sludge as a cheap source with a high content of both organic matter and nutrients has a positive effect on plant growth, the accumulation of some heavy metals following its application, limits the use of this material in agriculture. In present study, an experiment was designed according to a completely randomized factorial design experiment. Treatments consisted of three levels of sewage sludge (0, 50 and 100 g Kg-1), four level of biochar/residue (control, biochar, crop residues and biochar + crop residues) with three replications. Results indicated that sewage sludge has a positive and significant effect on dry matter yield of bean (12.6 %). The addition of this material also increased the uptake and concentration of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn (measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer) in bean shoot demonstrating the applicability of this substance in the supply of cationic trace elements for plants. The addition of a mix of rice husk biochar and crop residues to sewage sludge treated soil had a positive effect on the growth of bean, in such a way the maximum dry matter yield was obtained in the interaction of this treatment with the application of sewage sludge at 100 g Kg-1 level that had a growth rate 40.4 % as compared to the control treatment. Generally, the use of rice husk biochar and crop residues significantly decreased mean Zn and Mn concentrations in bean shoots as compared to the control. But the addition of rice crop residues and a mix of rice husk biochar and crop residues caused a significant decrease in mean Cu concentration in bean shoots.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • sewage sludge
  • Rice husk biochar
  • crop residues
  • Bean
  • micro nutrients
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 70، شماره 4
دی 1396
صفحه 869-880