نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی رفتار آبشویی وابسته به pH مس،روی، آهن و منگنز از لجن فاضلاب شهری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری شیمی و حاصلخیزی خاک، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

چکیده

لجن فاضلاب شهری از پسماندهای زائدی است که در مراکز تصفیۀ فاضلاب بر جای می­ماند. این مادۀ زائد حاوی فلزات سنگین نظیر مس، روی، آهن و منگنز است که جزء آلاینده­های پر خطر محیطی محسوب می­شوند. از این رو در حین استفاده و یا دفن کردن این ماده در محیط­های مختلف باید به سرنوشت آلاینده­های موجود در آن توجه خاصی داشت. به­منظور بررسی سطح خطر مواد زائد، آزمایش­های مختلفی از جمله تعیین غلظت کل و جزء­بندی کردن فلزات سنگین مورد استفاده قرار می­گیرد، اما تحقیقات مختلف نشان داده است که این رویه­ها پاسخ مناسبی به سطح خطر مواد زائد ارائه نمی­دهد. در میان عوامل مختلف مؤثر بر مقدار آزادسازی و رفتار آبشویی فلزات، pH محلول آبشویی مهم­ترین عامل به شمار می­آید. هدف اصلی این مطالعه بررسی رفتار شستشوپذیری مس، روی، آهن و منگنز از لجن فاضلاب شهری تولید شده در تصفیه خانۀ فاضلاب سرکان بود. تغییرات pH پس از 48 ساعت زمان تعادل، به خوبی ظرفیت­بافری لجن فاضلاب مورد مطالعه را نشان داد. رفتارهای انحلال پذیری برای مس، روی، آهن و منگنز به دست آمد که برای پیش­بینی چگونگی آبشویی این فلزات در شرایط مختلف محیطی بسیار مفید است. همچنین در این رفتارها خاصیت آمفوتریک برای رفتار آبشویی مس و روی مشاهده گردید و عنصر منگنز بعد از 3=pH، تغییر بسیار کمی در رفتار آبشویی و میزان انحلال پذیری از خود بروز داد. از طرفی نتایج نشان داد که میزان آبشویی مس و روی به علت pH طبیعی خود لجن فاضلاب محدود است و اگر در شرایط اسیدی و یا قلیایی قرار نگیرد مشکل خاصی را ایجاد نمی­کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

PH-dependent leaching behavior of copper, zinc, iron and manganese from municipal sewage sludge

نویسندگان [English]

  • ahmad akhavan 1
  • Zahra Kolahchi 2

1 buali sina university

2 faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University

چکیده [English]

Municipal sewage sludge (MSS) is waste material which remains in waste water treatment plants. This waste residue contains heavy metals such as copper, zinc, iron and manganese, which are considered to Hazardous environmental pollutants. Hence, during the use or disposal of this material in the environment should pay special attention to the fate of contaminants in it. Several experiments to evaluate the risk of waste, including determination of total concentration and heavy metals partition are used. However, numerous studies have shown that this procedures does not provide an appropriate response to the risk level of waste materials. Among the various factors affecting the release and leaching behavior of metals leaching solution pH is considered to the most important factor. The main goal of this research is to obtain an overview of the leachability of MSS produced in a waste water treatment plant of Serkan. PH changes after 48 hours of equilibrium, as well as indicated the buffering capacity of the sludge. The Solubility behavior for copper, zinc, iron and manganese were obtained which are very useful to predicting the leaching behavior in different scenarious. Also, the amphoteric behavior was observed for Cu and Zn. The interesting point was observed for Mn, because after pH 3 Changes in leaching behavior and solubility of Mn was very low. Furthermore, the results showed that the leaching of copper and zinc from sludge is limited due to its natural pH and if the condition is not acidic or alkaline it is not creating any problem.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Municipal sewage sludge
  • PH-dependent leaching behavior
  • Heavy metals
Alinak kabata-pendias, A., 2011. Trace elements in soils and plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, London  New York, 467p.
Cappuyns, V., Swennen, R., 2008. The application of pHstat leaching tests to assess the pH-dependent release of trace metals from soils, sediments and waste materials. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 158, 185–95.
Cappuyns.V.,Rudy, S., 2009. The use of leaching tests to study the potential mobilization of heavy metals from soils and sediments: A Comparison. Water air and soil Pollution. 191, 95-111.
Hage., J. L. T., Mulder, E., 2004. Preliminary assessment of three new European leaching tests. Waste Management. 24, 165–172.
Horckmans, L., Swennen, R., and Deckers, J., 2007. Retention and release of Zn and Cd in spodic horizons as determined by pH stat analysis and single extractions. Science of the Total Environment. 376, 86–99.
Chandler, A.J., Eighmy, T.T., Hartlén, O., Kosson, D., Sawell, S.E., van der Sloot, H., Vehlow, J. (Eds.), 1997. IAWG (International Ash Working Group Municipal solid waste incinerator residues. Ebook ISBN: 9780080537184, Studies in Environmental Science, vol. 67. Amsterdam, 973p.
Izquierdo, M.,Querol, X., 2012. Leaching behavior of elements from coal combustion fly ash: An overview. International Journal of Coal Geology. 94, 54–66.
Jones, D. R., 1995. The leaching of major and trace elements from coal ash. Environmental Aspects of Trace Elements in Coal. D. R., Jones.  Division of coal and energy technology. North ryde, nsw 2113. Australia, pp. 221-262.
Kim, A. G., Kazonich, G., Dahlberg, M., 2003. Relative solubility of cations in class F fly ash. Environmental Science and Technology. 37, 4507–4511.
Kogbara, R. B., Tabbaa, A. A., Yi, Y., Stegeman, J., 2012. pH-dependent leaching behavior and other performance properties of cement-treated mixed contaminated soil. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 24, 630–1638.
Kosson, D. S., van der Sloot, H. A., Sanchez, F.,Garrabrants, A. C., 2002. An integrated framework for evaluating leaching in waste management and utilization of secondary materials. Environmental Engineering Science. 19, 159–204.
Quina, M. J., Bordado, J. C., Quinta-Ferreira, R. M., 2009. The Influence of pH on the leaching behavior of inorganic components from municipal solid waste incineration residues.Waste Management. 29, 2483–2493.
Sabbas, T., Polettini, A., Pomi, R., Astrup, T., Hjelmar, O., Mostbauer, P., Cappai, G., Magel, G., Salhofer, S., Speiser, C., Heuss Assbichler, S., Klein, R., and Lechber, P., 2003. Management of municipal solid waste incineration residues. Waste Management. 23, 61–88.
Salek, G. S., Nourbakhsh, F., Afyuni, M., Rezainejad, Y. 2004. Effect of sewage sludge on nitrification rate and corn nitrogen uptake. Journal of Water and Waste Water. 52, 20-30.
Sanchez Monedero, M. A., Mondini, C., De Nobili, M., Leita, L., Roig, A., 2004. Land applications of biosolids. Soil response to different stabilization degree or treated organic matter. Waste Management. 24, 325–332.
Sposito, G. Page, A. L., 1984. Cycling of metal ions in the soil environments, in Metal Ions in Biological Systems.Sigel, H., ed., M., Dekker, CRC Press, New York, 287p.
Su, D. C., Wong, J. W. C., 2003. Chemical speciation and phytoavailability of Zn, Cu, Ni and Cd in soil amended with fly ash-stabilized sewage sludge. Environment International. 29, 895–900.
Tao, Y., Bin, X., Jicheng, Z., Shuchun, Y.,Qinglong W., 2012. Influences of pH, heavy metals and phosphate and their co-influences on the sorption of pentachlorophenol on cyanobacterial biomass“. Water  Research. 46, 35- 85.
CEN/TS (Characterization of waste - Leaching behaviour tests – Influence of pH on leaching with initial acid/base addition) 14429, 2005. characterization of  waste – leaching behavior tests – influence of pH on leaching with initial acid/base addition, CEN, Brussels, Belgium.
Van der Bruggen, B., Vogels, G., Van Herck, P.,Vandecasteele, C., 1998. Simulation of acid washing of municipal solid waste incineration fly ashes in order to remove heavy metals. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 57, 127–144.
Van der Sloot, H. A., Heasman, L., Quevauviller, Ph. (Eds), 1997. Harmonization of leaching extraction tests. Studies in Environmental Science, vol. 70, Amsterdam, Elsevier press, New York, 280p.
Van Herck, P., Van der Bruggen, B., Vogels, G.,Vandecasteele, C., 2000. Application of computer modeling to predict the leaching behavior of heavy metals from MSWI fly ash and comparison with a sequential extraction method. Waste Management. 20, 203–210.
Van der Sloot H. A., 2004. Horizontal standardization and harmonization of leaching test methods for waste, secondary raw materials, construction materials and (contaminated) soil.WASCON, San Sebastian, Spain.
Van der Sloot, H. A., Comans, R. N. J.,  Meeussen, J. C. L., Dijkstra, J, J., 2003. Leaching methods for soil, sludge and treated biowaste . Environmental Risk Assessment. Draft version 2. September.
Van der Sloot, H.A., van Zomeren, A., Meeussen, J.C.L., Johannes, C.L., Seignette, P., Bleijerveld, R., 2007. Test method selection, validation against field data, and predictive modeling for impact evaluation of stabilized waste disposal. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 141, 354–369.
Ward, C. R., French, D., Jankowski, J., 2003. Comparative evaluation of leachability test methods and element mobility for selected Australian fly ash samples. Cooperative Research Centre for Coal in Sustainable Development.Technical Note, 22http://pandora.nla.gov. The time has access to this site in 2009., 808, 328-338
Wei, Y. J., Liu, Y. S., 2005. Effects of sewage sludge compost application on crops and cropland in a 3-year field study. Chemosphere. 59, 1257–1265.
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 70، شماره 4
دی 1396
صفحه 735-743