نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

منشأیابی آلودگی فلزات سنگین خاک‌های مجاور صنایع فولاد کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی منابع طبیعی- محیط زیست، آلودگی‌ محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی منابع طبیعی- محیط زیست، آلودگی محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 استاد گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

5 دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

فعالیت‌های انسانی تجمع فلزات سنگین را در خاک افزایش خواهد داد. آلودگی خاک به طور قابل توجهی کیفیت محیط زیست را کاسته و بر سلامت انسان اثرگذار است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین غلظت برخی از فلزات سنگین (نیکل، سرب، آهن، روی، کروم، کادمیوم) و ارزیابی تأثیر فعالیت مجتمع فولاد کرمان بر غلظت فلزات سنگین خاک صورت گرفت. تعداد 60 نمونه ازخاک سطحی از عمق 15-0 سانتی‌متری، در فواصل متفاوتی از مجتمع فولاد کرمان جمع­آوری و با دستگاه طیف‌سنج جذب اتمی (AAS) آنالیز شدند. برخی شاخص­های آلودگی شامل فاکتور آلودگی (Contamination factor (Cf))، شاخص آلودگی (Pollution index (PI))، بار آلودگی (Pollution load index (PLI))، شدت آلودگی (Pollution Intensity index (Ipoll))، آلودگی بالقوه (Potential contamination index (Cp))، برای ارزیابی سطوح آلودگی خاک محاسبه شدند. همچنین از آزمون‌های آماری همبستگی پیرسون، تحلیل مولفه‌های اصلی (PCA) و خوشه‌بندی سلسله مراتبی (HCA) جهت تعیین منشأ آلاینده‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج، روند تغییرات غلظت فلزات سنگین در خاک محدودۀ مورد مطالعه را به ترتیب آهن>روی> سرب> نیکل> کروم> کادمیوم نشان داد. حداکثر میزان شاخص‌های مورد مطالعه مربوط به فلز سرب و پس از آن مربوط به روی بود. همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد که غلظت روی با کادمیوم و سرب با کروم رابطۀ مثبت معنی‌داری دارد. نتایج PCA شاخص Cf فلزات سنگین، فلزات سرب و کروم را در خوشۀ اول قرار داد و این نشانگر این است که این دو عنصر، بیشتر دارای منشأ انسانی هستند. پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که منطقۀ مورد مطالعه نیازی به اقدامات اصلاحی شدید ندارد، با این وجود پایش مداوم محیط ضروری است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Source identification of heavy metal pollution nearby Kerman steel industries

نویسندگان [English]

  • q q 1
  • q q 2
  • q q 3
  • q q 4
  • q q 5
  • q q 3

1 q

2 q

3 q

4 q

5 q

چکیده [English]

Human activities cause to the accumulation of heavy metals in soil. Soil pollution will significantly reduce environmental quality and affect human health. This study aimed to determine the concentration of some heavy metals (Ni, Pb, Fe, Zn, Cr and Cd) and evaluate the effects of Kerman steel industry on concentration of soil heavy metals. A total of 60 samples from the surface soil and a depth of 0-15 cm were collected at different distances from Kerman steel complex and analyzed with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Some indices of pollution including Contamination factor (Cf), Pollution index (PI), Pollution load index (PLI), Pollution Intensity index (Ipoll), Potential contamination index (Cp) were calculated to assess the levels of soil contamination. The Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) was used to determine the origin of pollutants. The results were showed the trend of heavy metal concentration in the study area as Fe>Zn>Pb>Ni>Cr>Cd respectively. The maximum of studied indices was related to Pb and then Zn. Pearson correlation was showed that Zn with Cd and Pb with Cr had significant positive correlation. A PCA results of Cf index was stay Zn and Pb in the first cluster. In the other words, these two elements are more human origin. This study showed that the study area does not need to severe remedial action; however, continuous monitoring of environment is essential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • soil
  • Heavy metals
  • Pollution Index
  • PCA
  • Kerman
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 70، شماره 3
آذر 1396
صفحه 627-641