نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی وضعیت بوم‌شناختی نواحی لانه گزینی کفتار راه‌راه (Hyaena hyaena) در منطقۀ حفاظت‌شدۀ هفتاد قله اراک با استفاده از روش آنتروپی بیشینه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد زیستگاه و تنوع‌ زیستی، دانشکدۀ منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 استادیار گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 دانشجوی دکتری ارزیابی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه ملایر

چکیده

لانه­ها به عنوان یک پناهگاه سودمند، در توسعۀ رفتار اجتماعی توله­ها نقش دارند. اگرچه حرکت و جابه­جایی در بین لانه­ها یک هزینۀ اجتماعی در گوشت­خواران محسوب می­شود ولی این هزینه، با سود حاصل از شناخت قلمرو جبران می­شود. کفتار­ها برای پناه گرفتن در طول روز، زادآوری و پرورش نوزادان و استراحت دائمی از لانه­ها استفاده می­کنند. به‌منظور مشخص شدن وضعیت بوم­شناختی نواحی لانه گزینی کفتار راه‌راه (Hyaena hyaena) در منطقۀ حفاظت‌شدۀ هفتاد قله اراک، از روش آنتروپی بیشینه (MaxEnt) استفاده شد. بدین منظور، از 30 نقطه لانه و تعداد یازده متغیر تأثیرگذار استفاده شد. مدل 10 بار تکرار و نقشۀ میانگین پیش‌بینی، به‌عنوان نقشۀ پیش‌بینی کننده انتخاب شد. اعتبار سنجی مدل با استفاده از رویکرد آماری ROC انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که مدل پیش‌بینی مناطق لانه گزینی گونه، موفق بوده است (76/0AUC=) و مدل در تمام حد آستانه­ها دارای تفاوت معناداری با مدل تصادفی است (001/0P-value<). براساس نتایج حاصل از حساسیت­سنجی، متغیر­های کاربری اراضی (مرتع‌داری)، ارتفاع، شیب و تیپ‌­های ژئومورفولوژی منطقه بیشترین تأثیر را در لانه گزینی کفتار داشته‌اند. لانۀ مطلوب برای این گونه در زیستگاه مذکور، تیپ­های پوشش گیاهی (Artemisia aucheri، Astragalus spp، barbataStipa ) و مناطقی با جنس سنگ آهکی، خاک شنی کم‌عمق، جهت­های شرقی و جنوب غربی با متوسط شیب 22% قابل‌تعریف است. نتایج این تحلیل نشان داد که با توجه به اهمیت لانه بر بقا جاندار شناسایی پارامتر­های مهم در لانه گزینی ، درک بهتری از وضعیت گونه را به محقق می­دهد، که می­تواند در درک بهتر آشیان اکولوژیک گونه مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The ecological study of Striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) denning regions in Haftadgholeh protected area using Maximum Entropy method.

نویسندگان [English]

  • sahar rezaei 1
  • saeed naderi 2
  • peyman karami 3

1 university of guilan

2 university of Guilan

3 university of malayer

چکیده [English]

Dens as a useful shelter, has an important roles in social behavior development. However, movement between dens has a big cost for animals especial carnivores but this cost with recognizing territories Will be compensated. The hyenas use the dens for different objects such as shelter during the days, breeding and cubs rearing and also for resting. The Striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) denning regions ecological status has been investigated in Haftadgholeh protected area using MaxEnt method. For this purpose, we used 30 dens localities and 11 Effective variable. The model has been run ten replicates, and the mean map has been selected as prediction map. The validity of model performed by ROC statistical procedure. Based on obtained results, the prediction model of denning regions of species has been successful (AUC=0.76) and on all of threshold limits it is significantly different from random model (P-value<0.001). Also, based on the sensitivity analysis results, the most effective variables on denning of this species was landuse (range lands), altitude, slope and geomorphological types of region. The suitable den in this region defined with vegetation cover types constitute of Stipa barbata, Astragalus spp., Artemisia aucheri in limestone regions with shallow sandy soil, and in east and south-west aspects with 22 percent of slope. Our result showed that due to role of den on survival of animals, identifying factor affecting on den site contribute to better understand of ecological niches

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena)
  • denning
  • Haftadgholeh protected area
  • MaxEnt model
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 70، شماره 2
مرداد 1396
صفحه 351-362