نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی و رتبه‌بندی ریسک‌های زیست‌محیطی منطقۀ حفاظت شدۀ دنا با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

مناطق حفاظت شده ابزاری قدرتمند برای مقابله با بحران تنوع­زیستی هستند و ارزیابی تهدیدات مناطق حفاظت شده، گامی اساسی برای اطمینان یافتن از حفاظت منابع و تبیین اقدامات حفاظتی در آینده است. منطقۀ حفاظت ­شدۀ دنا یکی از غنی­ترین نقاط کشور از نظر تنوع­زیستی با وسعتی معادل 93780 هکتار در شهرستان سی­سخت واقع شده است. در این پژوهش جهت شناسایی ریسک­های موجود در منطقه از روش دلفی استفاده شد. سپس با توجه به طیف امتیازدهی لیکرت از 26 عامل ریسک شناخته شده در منطقه، 18 عامل ریسک به عنوان ریسک­های نهایی در دو گروه ریسکهای طبیعی و ریسک­های محیط زیستی انتخاب گردیدند. جهت تجزیه­و­تحلیل و اولویت­بندی ریسک­های شناسایی شده از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) و محیط نرم­افزاری Expert Choice استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که ریسک فرسایش خاک از معیار ریسک طبیعی با وزن 105/0، ریسک تأثیرات مخرب کشاورزی محلی در منطقه با وزن 025/0 در زیرمعیار فیزیکی، ریشه­کنی گیاهان مرتعی و دارویی با وزن 049/0 در زیر معیار بیولوژیکی، بهره­برداری از پوشش گیاهی و جنگلی باهدف تأمین علوفۀ دام، سوخت و ... با وزن  104/0 در زیرمعیار اقتصادی اجتماعی و عدم مدیریت جامع کارآمد از محیط­زیست با وزن 074/0 در زیر معیار فرهنگی بالاترین وزن را بخود اختصاص دادند. وضع موجود مدیریت منطقه نشان­دهندۀ این است که در حال حاضر برنامه‌ریزی مناسب و مدیریت جامع کارآمد جهت حفاظت از منطقه و امکان اجرای استفاده‌های چندجانبه با تأکید بر حفظ موجودیت آن اجرا نمی­شود. مدیریت کنترل خطرات، اجرای بهینۀ کلیۀ ضوابط مندرج در قوانین حفاظت و بهسازی محیط و شناسایی نقاط آسیب‌پذیر می­تواند در راستای مدیریت منطقۀ حفاظت شده دنا مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and ranking of environmental Risks in Dena Protected Area using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Fahimeh Malekhosseini 1
  • Soolmaz Dashti 2

1 M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Protected areas are a powerful tool to tackle the biodiversity crisis and threat assessments of protected areas, essential for ensuring the conservation and explain the protective measures in the future. Dena protected area is one of the richest parts of the country in terms of biodiversity with an area of 93780 hectares located in the Sisakht County. In this study, the Delphi method was used to identify risks in the region. According to the Likert range, from 26 identified risks in the region, 18 risk factor selected as the final risks in tow groups of environmental risks and natural risks. In order to analysis and prioritize the identified risks, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Expert Choice software was used. The results showed that the soil erosion risk from natural risk criteria with weight of 0.105, local agricultural damaging effects risk with weight of 0.025 in physical sub criteria , eradication of pasture and medicinal plants with weight of 0.049 in biological sub criteria, exploitation of vegetation and forests in order to provide forage for livestock, fuel and… with weigh of 0.0104 in socio-economic sub-criteria and the lack of efficient management of the environment with weigh of 0.074 in cultural sub criteria have the highest weight, respectively. Regional management indicated that now proper planning and efficient management for protect the area and the ability to run multiple applications with an emphasis on preserving its existence is not implemented. Risks management, optimal implementation of all criteria specified in laws of protection and improving the environment and identify vulnerable areas can be effective to manage the Dena Protected Area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • risks
  • Risk Management
  • Dena
  • AHP
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 70، شماره 2
مرداد 1396
صفحه 439-455