بررسی رابطۀ ساختار اکولوژیک شهر نیشابور و الگوی جزایر حرارتی با تأکید بر رهیافت اکولوژی سیمای سرزمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ جغرافیا و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

2 استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ جغرافیا و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

3 مربی، مرکز پژوهش های جغرافیایی و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

4 مربی، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ جغرافیا و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

چکیده

در دهه‌های اخیر توسعۀ شهری سبب تغییرات زیر بنایی در ساختار و کارکرد اکولوژیکی سیمای سرزمین شده است. یکی از مهم­ترین اثرات افزایش سطوح شهری بر محیط‌زیست شکل­گیری جزیرۀ حرارتی شهری (UHI) است. درک اثرات الگو و ساختار سیمای سرزمین بر جزیرۀ حرارتی شهری برای بهبود شرایط اکولوژیکی ضروری است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی رابطه میان سنجه­ها و دمای سطح زمین که بتواند به‌طور مؤثری اثر ساختار سیمای سرزمین شهر نیشابور را بر جزیرۀ حرارتی شهری شناسایی کند. این مطالعه مبتنی بر رهیافت اکولوژی سیمای سرزمین است و از سنجه­ها برای ارزیابی ساختار اکولوژیک شهر استفاده‌شده است. تحقیق حاضر ازنظر نوع، کاربردی و ازنظر روش، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. تصاویر ماهواره­ای مربوط به سنجنده ETM+ ماهوارۀ لندست در تاریخ آگوست (2010) برای بررسی جزایر حرارتی و تهیۀ نقشۀ درجۀ حرارت سطحی مورداستفاده قرار گرفت. همچنین از نقشۀ کاربری اراضی با مقیاس 2000/1 جهت تدقیق اطلاع بهره گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که ساختار اکولوژیک شهر و ترکیب و توزیع فضایی آن رابطۀ معناداری با درجۀ حرارت سطحی دارد. چهار سنجۀ LPI, LSI, NP و PLAND دارای بیشترین اثر و بالاترین میزان همبستگی با درجۀ حرارت سطحی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the relationships between ecological structure of Neyshabuor city and heat islands patterns with emphasis on landscape ecology approach

نویسندگان [English]

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چکیده [English]

The growth of urbanization has changed the ecological structure by changing the land use and cover, creating urban heat islands (UHI) and has been caused climate changes in the last decades. City of Neyshabuor has experienced the above mentioned changes; thus, studying and analysis of changes may lead to improve the ecological conditions. The main question in this research is how the ecological elements and structure affects heat islands patterns in Neyshabuor urban area. The present study is based on Landscape Ecology approach and metrics that were used to evaluate the ecological structure of Neyshabuor urban area. The purpose of the research is to analysis the relationship between ecological structure of Neyshabuor city, land surface temperature and heat islands pattern. Satellite images related to ETM+ sensor of Landsat satellite have been used in August 2010 to evaluate heat islands. The results indicate that there is significant correlation between landscape metrics and LST pattern. Accordingly, the composition and configuration of landscape metrics have significantly negative correlation with UHI. It suggests that the landscape elements such as, green spaces, gardens, farmlands and etc. can mitigate the effect on LST and UHI in our case study. Although, characteristics of landscape spatial structure have different correlation with LST and UHI, but positive synergy in ecological elements can help to decrease or preventing of LST and UHI effects in build up area. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ecological structure
  • Landscape Ecology
  • metrics
  • Heat Islands
  • Neyshabuor
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