بررسی اثر تغییر کاربری اراضی بر میزان ذخیره و تصاعد کربن خاک (مطالعۀ موردی: مراتع خشک ایوانکی، استان سمنان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه کردستان‏

2 استادیار دانشکدۀ کویر‏شناسی دانشگاه سمنان

3 دانشجوی دکتری مرتع‏داری دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

با توجه به اینکه کاربری‏های متفاوت اراضی در میزان ذخیره و تصاعد کربن تأثیر زیادی دارند، در این پژوهش چهار تیمار شامل درمنه‏زار به‌منزلۀ شاهد، درمنه‌زار تبدیل‌شده به تاغ‌زار، درمنه‌زار تبدیل‌شده به زیتون‌کاری و درمنه‌زار تبدیل‌شده به مناطق مسکونی، با هدف بررسی اثر تغییر کاربری اراضی مرتعی بر ذخایر کربن در مراتع ایوانکی استان سمنان انتخاب شدند. ذخایر کربن در بخش پوشش گیاهی و خاک در هر تیمار اندازه‏گیری شد و نتایج نشان داد که تبدیل اراضی مرتعی به کشت گیاهان مختلف موجب افزایش ذخایر کربن در اجزای گیاهی می‌شود؛ در بخش خاک، مقدار کربن در تیمار اراضی مسکونی کمتر و در تاغ‌زار بیشتر از شاهد است و در تیمار زیتون‌کاری تفاوت معنا‏داری با شاهد مشاهده نمی‏شود. از سوی دیگر بیشترین میزان تصاعد کربن سالانه در مناطق مسکونی (4526 کیلوگرم در هکتار در سال) صورت گرفته و کمترین مربوط به تاغ‌زار (1606 کیلوگرم در هکتار در سال) است. بیشترین میزان تصاعد کربن از خاک در مرداد‌ماه (32/3 گرم کربن در متر‌مربع در روز) در اراضی مسکونی اتفاق افتاده است و کمترین میزان تصاعد کربن در بهمن‌ماه در تاغ‌زار (‌05/0 گرم بر متر‌مربع در روز) صورت گرفته است. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از مقادیر ذخیره و تصاعد کربن در مناطق مطالعه‌شده توصیه می‏شود در اجرای پروژه‌های اجرایی و توسعه‌ای اول اینکه تا حد ممکن کمترین دخالت و دستکاری در طبیعت صورت گیرد و دوم‌ اینکه متناسب با نرخ افزایش تصاعد کربن ناشی از تغییر کاربری مراتع به مناطق مسکونی، اقدام به ایجاد پوشش گیاهی دایمی و پایدار در مناطق مورد نظر شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of land use change on soil carbon sequestration and emissions (case study: arid rangelands of Eivanakei, Semnan province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Joneidi 1
  • Ahmad Sadeghipour 2
  • Nadia Kamali 3
  • shima nikoo 2

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan

2 Assistant professor, Department of Desert Science, Semnan University

3 Ph.D. student, Department of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

Due to the notable role of different land uses in carbon sequestration and emission, four treatments including rangeland as control, Haloxylon plantation area, Olea plantation (olive garden), and Residential lands, were selected to study the effects of land use change on soil carbon sequestration and emissions in Eivanakei rangelands, Semnan province. Carbon stocks in vegetation and soil of each treatment were measured and the results showed that the conversion of rangelands to plant cultivation will increase the carbon stocks in vegetal parts of ecosystem. Residential Land soil carbon content is fewer than control, but olive garden and Haloxylon planted area is not significantly different from control. On the other hand, the highest annual carbon emission was observed in residential area (4526 kg/ ha/year) and the lowest in Haloxylon plantation (1606 kg/ ha/year). Most of the carbon emission from soil has occurred in August (3.32 g C/m2/day) in residential areas and the lowest in February in Haloxylon plantation (0.05 g C/m2/day). According to the results of carbon sequestration and emission in​​ the study area, it is recommended to exert minimal intervention and manipulation in natural regimes during the rehabilitation projects; also proportional to the rate of increase in carbon emissions resulting from change of rangelands to residential areas, establishment of permanent sustainable and indigenous vegetation should be prioritized

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbon sequestration
  • Carbon émission
  • Eivanakei rangelands
  • land use change
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