نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی الگوهای توسعه در شهر ساری با استفاده از رهیافت اکولوژی سیمای سرزمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد منابع طبیعی‌ـ محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران

2 استادیار گروه منابع طبیعی‌‌ـ محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار گروه منابع طبیعی‌ـ محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشیار گروه منابع طبیعی‌ـ جنگلداری، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

توسعۀ شهرها یکی از پدیده‏های مهم اقتصادی و اجتماعی است که تأثیرات بسیار زیادی بر عملکرد سامانه‏های اکولوژیکی به جا می‏گذارد. از‌این‌رو بررسی و تحلیل الگوهای رشد و توسعۀ شهرها با استفاده از فنون سنجش از دور، سامانۀ اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سنجه‏های سیمای سرزمین نقش مهمی در مدیریت و برنامه‏ریزی شهرها و کاهش تخریب محیط ‏زیست به عهده دارند. پژوهش حاضر نیز در این راستا به بررسی الگوهای رشد و توسعۀ شهر ساری و بخش‏هایی از پیرامون آن پرداخته است. بدین منظور با پردازش تصاویر چندزمانۀ لندست در سال‏های 1371، 1377، 1381 و 1389، نقشه‏های کاربری/ پوشش زمین در منطقۀ مطالعه‌شده تهیه شد. سپس با استفاده از روش پس از طبقه‏بندی (روی‏هم‏گذاری نقشه‏ها)، کاربرد مجموعه‏ای از سنجه‏های سیمای سرزمین در سطح کلاس (شامل سنجه‏های PD، MPS، ED، LPI و ENN) و توسعۀ سنجۀ R (در محیط نرم‏افزار ArcGIS 9.3) در سطح لکه، به بررسی تغییرات کاربری سکونتگاهی و الگوهای توسعۀ آن پرداخته شد. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نمایانگر توسعۀ کاربری سکونتگاهی در منطقۀ مطالعه‌شده در سال‏های اخیر است که با رشد لکه‏های قدیمی توسعه‌یافته (افزایش مقادیر MPS، ED و LPI و کاهش  P و ENN)، کاهش الگوی رشد درونی کاهش و در پی آن افزایش الگوی رشد بیرونی همراه بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing urban growth patterns in Sari using landscape ecology approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • ali asgarian 1
  • Bahman Jabbarian Amiri 2
  • Afshin Alizadeh Shabani 3
  • Jahangir Feghhi 4

1 MSc. Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran; Jabbarian@ut.ac.ir

3 Assistant Professor Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resource, University of Tehran,Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Urban growth has been an important social and economic phenomenon that affects severely on function of ecological systems. Hence, understanding and analyzing the spatial patterns of urban growth using remote sensing, GIS and landscape metrics can play a fundamental role in urban land use management and planning and subsequently reduction in environmental problems and challenges among them. Therefore, in present study we examined urban growth in Sari city and its surrounding. For this purpose, satellite images of 1992, 1998, 2002 and 2009 of the study area was processed to generate land use\ cover maps. Accordingly, different types of urban growth have been quantified using post classification method (map overlay), applying a set of landscape metrics at class level including PD, MPS, ED, LPI and ENN and developing R metric at patch level applying ArcGIS 9.3.The results show that, urban development is associated with the growth of old patches in the study area. While the outlying growth type became the dominant pattern, the infilling growth decreased over the entire study period.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • remote sensing
  • Change detection
  • Landscape ecology
  • Sari

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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 68، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
خرداد 1394
صفحه 95-107