نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

برآورد تغییرات سطح پوشش جنگل در پهنه‌های توپوگرافیک استان مازندران‌

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی وضعیت تغییرات سطح پوشش جنگل در پهنه‌های توپوگرافیک استان مازندران به انجام رسید. برای این منظور ابتدا با تلفیق نقشه‌های کاربری اراضی و پهنه‌های توپوگرافیک استان، توزیع پوشش جنگل در اراضی جلگه‌ای، پایین‌بند، میان‌بند و بالا‌بند بررسی شد. تغییرات پوشش جنگل در پهنه‌های توپوگرافیک استان در یک دورۀ 132 ساله، از زمان شروع فعالیت‌های تخریبی در این جنگل‌ها در سال 1251ش تا سال 1383 تحلیل شد. برآورد وسعت طبیعی جنگل‌های استان در سال پایه از طریق نقشة خطوط هم‌دما با مقیاس 250000: 1 و سطوح جنگل در سال 1383 با استفاده از نقشۀ کاربری اراضی با مقیاس 100000: 1 انجام گرفت. در این پژوهش وسعت طبیعی جنگل‌های استان مازندران 2042385 هکتار تخمین زده شد. همچنین نرخ، وسعت تغییرات، متوسط تغییرات سالانه و همچنین درصد تغییرات کل و تغییرات سالانۀ پوشش جنگل، به‌ترتیب 005/0-، 3/972165 هکتار، 9/7364 هکتار، 6/47 درصد و 36/0 درصد برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میزان تغییرات پوشش جنگل در اراضی جلگه‌ای با 25/96 درصد و کمترین آن در اراضی میان‌بند 88/21 درصد است. مطابق این بررسی قبل از شروع تخریب‌های گسترده در جنگل‌های شمال کشور در سال 1251ش، 29/86 درصد سطح استان مازندران پوشیده از جنگل بود که این سطح در سال 1383 به 22/45 درصد رسیده است.‌

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimating of forest cover changes in topographic zones in Mazandaran Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • beytollah mahmoudi 1
  • Mohamad Reza Marvie Mohadjer Marvie Mohadjer 2
  • Afshin Danehkar 2
  • Jahangir Feghhi 2

1 PhD Candidate, Forestry and Forest Economy. Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, I.R. Iran

2 Member of Scientific Board, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, I.R. Iran

چکیده [English]

This study was done to investigation forest cover changes in the Mazandaran province in topographic zones. For doing that in the first matched topographic zones and land-use map. After that distribution of forest cover was investigated in plain, lowland, middle land and high land. Forest cover changes analyzed in a period of 132 years since the beginning of the destructive activities in the forest in 1880, 2003 in topographic zones. Estimating of natural area in the base year was done with Isothermal lines map (1:25000 scale) and Forest cover in 2003 with land- use map (1:100000 scale). In this research the natural area of forest in Mazandaran province was estimated 2042385 hectares. Also rate, changes area, average of annual changes area, Percentage of total changes and annual forest changes area estimted -0.005, 972165.3(ha), 7364.9 (ha), 47.6 % and 0.36 %. Results showed the most and less of forest cover changes is in the plain lands with 96.25% and middle land with 21.88 %. Acording to this study Before the widespread destruction of forests in the north of Iran in 1880, the forest area in Mazandaran province was 86.29 percent of total Mazandaran territory and in 2003 was changed to 45.22 percent

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • estimating of changes
  • forest cover
  • Mazandaran province
  • topographic zones
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 67، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 3
آبان 1393
صفحه 333-341