نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

تنوع باکتری Bacillus thuringiensis در اکوسیستم‏های مختلف استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشتۀ حشره‌شناسی کشاورزی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 استادیار گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

باکتری Bacillus thuringiensis مهم‌ترین عامل کنترل میکروبی حشرات آفت محصولات کشاورزی و درختان جنگلی است. کنترل مؤثر بسیاری از این آفات مبتنی بر یافتن و کاربردی کردن سویه‏های بومی هر کشور یا منطقه است. در این پژوهش 160 نمونه از خاک‏های جمع‏آوری‌شده از مناطق مختلف اکولوژیکی استان مازندران شامل خاک‏های مناطق جنگلی، باغی، شهری، زراعی و بدون پوشش با استفاده از شیوۀ انتخابی استات سدیم غربال شد و 635 جدایه به دست آمد. کشت نمونه‌های خاک بر روی محیط‏های LBA، T3 و CCY انجام شد و گزینش اولیۀ کلنی‏ها بر‌اساس شکل ظاهری کلنی Bt روی محیط کشت و گزینش نهایی بر‌اساس شناسایی میکروسکوپی صورت گرفت. در بررسی میکروسکوپی از 635 سویۀ جداسازی شده، 375 باکتری، تولید‏کنندۀ‏ اسپور (05/59درصد)، 100 باکتری، دارای کلاهک و تولید‏کنندۀ‏ اسپور (74/15درصد) و 160 باکتری، دارای کلاهک و تولید‏کنندۀ‏ اسپور و کریستال (19/25درصد) بودند. بیشترین درصد سویه‏های تولید‏کنندۀ‏ کریستال در شهرستان‏های ساری و جویبار به‌ترتیب با 9/40درصد و 54/40درصد و در اکوسیستم جنگل با 63/32درصد مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که خاک‏های نواحی جنگلی منبعی مناسب برای یافتن سویه‏های مؤثر باکتری Bt است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates in various ecosystems of Mazandaran province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Grayeli Moradi 1
  • Mahmoud Mohammadi Sharif 2
  • Alireza Hadizadeh 2
  • Valiollah Babaeizad 2

1 MSc Student, Agricultural Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, I.R. Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, I.R. Iran

چکیده [English]

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the most important microbial agent for biological control of insect pests of agricultural crops and forest plant. Effective control of these pests mostly relies on finding and practical application of native Bt isolates. In this study, 160 soil samples belong to various ecological area of Mazandaran province (forest, orchard, urban, agricultural and non-vegetative regions) were screened through selective sodium acetate methods and 635 isolates were acquired. The soil samples were cultured on LBA, T3 and CCY media and primary and final colony selection were conducted based on appearance of Bt colonies on the media and microscopic determination, respectively. As consequence of microscopic description; 375 (59.05%), 100 (15.74%) and 160 (25.19%) isolates were produced spore, spore+cap and spore+cap+crystal, respectively. The most crystal producing isolates, based on geographical and ecological categories, were observed in the isolates of Sari (40.9%) and Juybar (40.54%) geographical regions and forest (32.63%) ecosystem. The results showed that the forest soil samples are an appropriate source for detecting the effective Bt strains.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bacillus thuringiensis
  • crystal protein
  • microbial control
  • specific isolation of Bt
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 67، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 3
آبان 1393
صفحه 313-321