نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی اثرات طرح آبادانی و پیشرفت منظومه‌های روستایی در ارتقای سرمایة اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشکدة شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد تهران مرکز، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 گروه کارآفرینی سازمانی، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 موسسة کسب و کار اجتماعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2024.384253.2718

چکیده

سرمایة اجتماعی به‌عنوان یکی از عوامل کلیدی در توسعة پایدار جوامع روستایی شناخته می‌شود. همچنین حکمرانی مشارکتی که به‌عنوان یک رویکرد مؤثر در توسعة پایدار شناخته می‌شود، نیازمند بررسی و شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر آن به‌خصوص سرمایة اجتماعی جامعة محلی است. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تأثیر اجرای طرح آبادانی و پیشرفت منظومه‌های روستایی، که توسط بنیاد مسکن انقلاب اسلامی و با همکاری پژوهشکدة سوانح طبیعی اجرا شده است، بر سرمایة اجتماعی در میان صاحبان حساب صندوق‌های اعتباری خرد روستایی در شهرستان باخرز پرداخته است. روش پژوهش شامل استخراج روابط اعتماد و مشارکت در قبل و بعد از اجرای طرح از طریق پرسشنامة تحلیل شبکه بین صاحبان حساب صندوق‌های اعتباری خرد 8 روستای شهرستان باخرز بوده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد در بعد از اجرای طرح، افزایش قابل توجهی در شاخص‌های سطح کلان شبکة اعتماد و مشارکت رخ داده است؛ به‌طوری‌که شاخص تراکم شبکة اعتماد از 35/4% به 59/4% و تراکم شبکة مشارکت از 31/6% به 61/7% افزایش یافته است. همچنین، میانگین فاصلة ژئودزیک در شبکة اعتماد از 1/71 به 1/41 و در شبکة مشارکت از 1/86 به 1/29 کاهش یافته است. به‌علاوه، کاهش شاخص تمرکز درجة ورودی در هر دو شبکه، توزیع بهتر قدرت و نفوذ را در بین کنشگران نشان داد. افزایش شاخص دوسویگی و انتقال‌پذیری روابط نیز در هر دو شبکه، به تسهیل روابط بین افراد کمک نموده است. به‌طور کلی، این نتایج نشان‌دهندة افزایش سرمایة اجتماعی در مناطق روستایی مورد مطالعه بوده، همچنین بهبود حکمرانی مشارکتی را نیز تأیید می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the effects of the rural development and progress plan on promoting social capital

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Amir Hossein Garakani 1
  • Mehdi Ghorbani 2
  • Hamid Padash Zive 3
  • Majid Rahimi 4

1 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Arid and Mountainous Areas Rehabilitation, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

3 Department of Organizational Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

4 Social Business Institute, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Social capital is recognized as one of the key factors in the sustainable development of rural communities. Additionally, participatory governance, considered an effective approach to sustainable development, requires examining and identifying factors influencing it, particularly the social capital of the local community. In this context, the present study investigates the impact of implementing the Rural Development and Improvement Plan, executed by the Housing Foundation in collaboration with the Natural Disasters Research Institute, on social capital among owners of microcredit fund accounts in Bakharz County. The research method involved extracting trust and participation relationships before and after implementing the plan through a network analysis questionnaire among microcredit fund account holders in eight villages of Bakharz County. The results indicated a significant increase in the macro-level indicators of trust and participation after the plan's implementation; specifically, the trust network density index increased from 35.4% to 59.4%, and the participation network density increased from 31.6% to 61.7%. Furthermore, the average geodesic distance in the trust network decreased from 1.71 to 1.41, and in the participation network from 1.86 to 1.29. Additionally, the decrease in input degree centrality in both networks indicated a better distribution of power and influence among actors. The increase in reciprocity and transitivity of relationships in both networks also facilitated interactions among individuals. Overall, these results demonstrate an increase in social capital in the studied rural areas and confirm improvements in participatory governance as well.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bakharz county
  • Participation
  • Rural participatory
  • Governance
  • Social Cohesion
  • Trust
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 77، شماره 4
اسفند 1403
صفحه 653-666