بررسی اثر کمپوست بر گیاه پالایی شوری و نیترات توسط گیاه ماش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آسیا و اقیانوسیه.

3 گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2024.382354.2711

چکیده

در استفادة بلندمدت از کودهای شیمیایی، امکان افزایش سطح برخی عناصر در خاک وجود دارد که در آینده با انتقال به اندام­ های مختلف گیاهان، موجب افزایش خطر برای سلامت انسان خواهند شد. بنابراین، استفاده از گیاهانی که موجب کاهش سطح این عناصر در خاک می ­شوند از اهمیت بالایی برخودار است. از جمله فرآیندهای مؤثر در افزایش کارآیی گیاه‌پالایی، استفاده از کودهای زیستی و آلی می­باشد. ازجمله کودهای آلی می­ توان به کمپوست اشاره کرد که مواد آلی ساختمان خاک را بهبود بخشیده و شرایط را برای گیاه‌پالایی و تولید زی ­توده افزایش می ­دهند. تحقیق حاضر با هدف استفاده از گیاه‌پالایی و مطالعة اثر کمپوست بر توانایی گیاه‌پالایی نیترات توسط گیاه ماش انجام شد. عامل‌های مورد بررسی در این تحقیق شامل ترکیب نیترات+کمپوست در 7 سطح شامل نیترات با غلظت‎های 10، 30 و 50 میلی­ گرم بر لیتر، نیترات با غلظت ­های 10، 30 و 50 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر همراه با کمپوست و تیمار شاهد و عمق خاک در سه سطح شامل 10-0، 20-10 و 30-20 سانتی‎متر بود. نتایج نشان داد که در مرحلة غلاف‎دهی بیشترین غلظت نیترات با 30/32میلی‌گرم بر لیتر مربوط به ریشة گیاه در تیمار SCn3 (کمپوست+نیترات با غلظت 50 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و کمترین غلظت نیترات با 3/14 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر مربوط به ساقة گیاه در تیمار شاهد بود. در مرحلة رسیدگی، بیشترین غلظت نیترات با 10/33میلی‌گرم بر لیتر مربوط به ریشة گیاه در تیمار Sn3 (نیترات با غلظت 50 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و کمترین غلظت نیترات با 5/1 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر مربوط به برگ گیاه در تیمار شاهد بود. بیشترین وزن تر گیاه در مرحلة غلاف‎دهی و رسیدگی مربوط به ریشة گیاه در تیمار Scn3 (کمپوست و غلظت 50 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نیترات) به‌ترتیب برابر 36/97و 17/69گرم بود. کمترین وزن­تر گیاه در مرحلة غلاف‎دهی مربوط به ساقة گیاه برابر 4/87 گرم و در مرحلة رسیدگی مربوط به برگ در تیمار Scn2 (استفاده از کمپوست+آبیاری با غلظت 30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نیترات) برابر 41/6 گرم بود. بیشترین وزن خشک گیاه با 2/103 گرم مربوط به ریشة گیاه و تیمار Sn3 ( آبیاری با 50 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نیترات) و کمترین وزن خشک گیاه با 26/7گرم مربوط به تیمار برگ گیاه و شاهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of compost on phytoremediation of salt and nitrate by mung bean

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masumeh Farasati 1
  • Tanveer Saeed Ferdous 2
  • Reza Nazarpour 1
  • Ali Nakhzari Moghaddam 3

1 Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.

2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Asia Pacific.

3 Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Due to the importance of land contamination due to industrial and agricultural activities, the present study was conducted to study the effect of compost on the nitrate uptake ability of mung bean. This factorial design was carried out in a randomized complete block design in the greenhouse of Gonbad kavus University in 1977. Factors studied were nitrate + compost composition at 7 levels including nitrate at concentrations of 10, 30 and 50 mg / L alone, nitrate at concentrations of 10, 30 and 50 mg / L with compost and control treatment (Soil without compost and nitrate) and soil depth at three levels including 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm. At the planting and maturing stages, some growth parameters including fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, nitrate concentrations in soil and plant organs, salinity in soil and plant organs were measured. The results showed that the highest nitrate concentration (30.32 mg / L) was obtained in compost + nitrate with 50 mg / L (SCn3) treatment and the lowest nitrate concentration (3.14 mg / l) was observed in pods. The shoot of the plant was in control treatment. At maturity stage, the highest nitrate concentration (10.33 mg / L) was related to plant root in nitrate treatment with 50 mg / L (Sn3) and the lowest nitrate concentration (1.5 mg / L) was related to control leaf. The highest fresh weight of plant at the pod and ripening stage was related to plant root + compost and 50 mg / l nitrate (scn3) were 36.97 and 17.69 g, respectively. The lowest fresh weight of the plant was 4.87 g (control treatment) in the pod heading stage and in the leaf treatment stage and compost + irrigation with 30 mg / l nitrate (Scn2) concentration of 6.41. It was warm. The highest plant dry weight (103.2 g) was related to plant root and irrigation with 50 mg / L nitrate (Sn3) and the lowest plant dry weight (26.7 g) was related to plant leaf and control. According to the results, nitrate uptake by root and shoot of mungbean increased with increasing compost. At high nitrate concentrations, the effect of compost on nitrate uptake by mung bean was greater and nitrate was transferred to the shoots.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Compost
  • Fresh weight
  • Mung bean
  • Nitrate
  • Salinity
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