نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مدل‌سازی الگوی چیدمان فضای سبز درختی در رابطه ‌با زون‌های کارکردی شهر با رویکرد بوم‌شناسی سیمای سرزمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2024.377381.2681

چکیده

جنگلداری شهری عمدتاً به فضای سبز درختی شهر و جنگل‌های محدودة شهر اطلاق می‌شود. الگوی چیدمان واضح و کمی‌شده توسط سنجه‌های سیمای سرزمین برای جنگل‌های شهری در هریک از زون‌های کارکردی شهر یک جزء اساسی مهم برای تجزیه‌ و تحلیل لکه‌های فضای سبز درختی است. در مطالعة حاضر هدف اصلی تعیین مدل‌ چیدمان‌ لکه‌های فضاهای سبز درختی شهری در رابطه با زون‌های کارکردی شهرداری منطقة پنج شهر تهران است. در این مطالعه ابتدا نقشة فضای سبز درختی با استفاده از تصاویر نرم‌افزار Google Earth تهیه شد. سپس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Arc GIS نقشة فضای سبز درختی کمی و با استفاده از تابع Patch Analyst و سنجه‌های سیمای سرزمین این تابع، مدل چیدمان‌ لکه‌های فضای سبز درختی در چهار کلاس فضای سبز درختی تک‌پایه (منفرد)، خطی، کپه‌ای و متمرکز و پیوسته تهیه شد، همچنین نقشة زون‌های کارکردی (منطقه‌بندی) منطقة پنج تهیه شد. در نهایت با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Fragstats مورد تجزیه‌ و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که بهترین سنجه برای تهیة مدل چیدمان‌، سنجة مساحت و سنجة شکل لکه است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مساحت مدل چیدمان‌ لکه‌های فضای سبز درختی به‌‌‌ترتیب مربوط به مدل چیدمان متمرکز و پیوسته، کپه‌ای، خطی و تک‌پایه است. با بررسی سنجة تعداد لکه، بیشترین تعداد لکه مربوط به مدل چیدمان تک‌پایه و کمترین تعداد لکه مربوط به چیدمان متمرکز و پیوسته است که نشان‌دهندة ریزدانه بودن و از هم‌گسیختگی فضای سبز درختی تک‌پایه در داخل منطقة پنج و گسترش جنگلکاری و به‌ هم‌پیوستگی چیدمان متمرکز و پیوسته در حاشیه و شمال منطقة پنج است. با بررسی زون‌های کارکردی شهر، بیشترین مساحت مربوط به زون خدماتی و کمترین مساحت مربوط به زون صنعتی است با بررسی پراکنش مدل چیدمان‌های تک‌پایه و خطی در زون‌های کارکردی این نتیجه حاصل شد که بیشترین پراکنش این دو مدل چیدمان در زون مسکونی است و کمترین پراکنش در زون صنعتی است با بررسی مدل چیدمان‌های کپه‌ای و متمرکز و پیوسته، بیشترین پراکنش این دو مدل در زون خدماتی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Arboreal green space pattern modelling operational zones of the city with the approach of landscape ecology

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Teymoori 1
  • Jahangir Feghhi 1
  • Afshin Danehkar 2
  • Fereydoon Taheri Sarteshnizi 1

1 Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

2 Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Urban forestry mainly refers to the city's green space and the city's forests. The clear and quantified arrangement pattern by land surface metrics for urban forests in each of the functional zones of the city is an important basic component for the analysis of patches of tree green space. In the present study, the main goal is to determine the model of urban tree green spots concerning the functional zones of the 5th district of Tehran. In this research, a map of tree green space was first prepared using Google Earth software images. Then, a small map of green space with trees was made using Arc GIS software. By using the Patch Analyst function and the parameters of the landscape of this function was obtained the model of the arrangements of tree patches in four classes of single-stand, linear, clustered, concentrated and continuous trees. Finally, it was analyzed using Fragstats software. The results of the research showed that the best measure for preparing the layout model is the area and spot shape measure. Also, the results showed that the largest area of the arrangement model of patches of green space is related to the concentrated and continuous arrangement model, clustered, linear and single-stand, respectively. By checking the measurement of the number of spots, the highest number of spots is related to the single-stand arrangement model and the lowest number of spots is related to the concentrated and continuous arrangement which shows the fineness and fragmentation of the single-stand green space inside the region five and the expansion of forestry and the integration of the arrangement is concentrated and continuous in the margin and north of region five. By examining the functional zones of the city, the largest area is related to the service zone and the smallest area is related to the industrial zone. After examining the distribution of single-stand and linear layout models in functional zones, it was concluded that the highest distribution of these two layout models is in the residential zone and the lowest distribution is in the industrial zone. Also, examining the models of clustered, concentrated and continuous arrangements, the most distribution of these two models is in the service zone.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Functional zones
  • Green space
  • Landscape
  • Layout model
  • Tehran city
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 78، شماره 1
خرداد 1404
صفحه 15-30