ارزیابی اثر تغییرات کاربری اراضی بر خدمت اکوسیستمی نگهداشت خاک در استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة شیلات و علوم محیط‌ زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2024.372662.2650

چکیده

امروزه بهره‌‌برداری‌های بی‌رویة ناشی از افزایش جمعیت، منجر به تغییرات پوشش/کاربری اراضی (LULC) و استفادة بیش از اندازه از عرصه‌های طبیعی و کاهش خدمات اکوسیستمی شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تدثیرات تغییرات کاربری/پوشش‌های اراضی در طی سال‌های 1984، 2000، 2010 و 2020، بر خدمت اکوسیستمی نگهداشت خاک در استان گلستان انجام شده است. نقشه‌های مورد نیاز با استفاده روش‌های مختلف مانند بکارگیری تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و دانلود از سایت‌های مناسب تهیه شده است. مدیریت مؤثر کاربری اراضی بر اطلاعات به‌دست آمده از این نقشه‌ها متکی است. به‌منظور نقشه‌سازی خدمت منتخب اکوسیستم نگهداشت خاک و تغییرات آن‌ براساس تغییرات کاربری اراضی در طی زمان، از نرم‌افزار InVEST 3.11.0 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد در هر چهار سال مورد ارزیابی با بررسی‌های جداگانه، کاربری جنگل دارای بیش‌ترین میزان نگهداشت خاک در میان سایر کاربری‌های موجود بود. از سوی دیگر، کاربری مناطق شهری نیز در طی سال‌های 1984 تا 2010، دارای کم‌ترین میزان نگهداشت خاک بود، اما در سال 2020، کاربری اراضی بایر کم‌ترین میزان نگهداشت خاک را دارا بود. با مقایسة چهار سال مورد بررسی در این پژوهش مشخص گردید از سال 1984 تا سال  2000 و از سال 2000 تا سال 2010، کل نگهداشت خاک کاهش یافته است. درحالی‌که از سال 2010 تا سال 2020، کل نگهداشت خاک در استان گلستان افزایش یافت. با توجه به بررسی میزان و تغییرات نگهداشت خاک در طی زمان برپایة تغییرات کاربری/پوشش اراضی، نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند در تصمیم‌گیری‌های مدیریتی جهت انتخاب بهترین کاربری‌ها در مکان درست جهت حفظ و افزایش نگهداشت خاک مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effects of land use changes on sediment retention ecosystem service in Golestan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Zolfaghari
  • Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny
  • Hamidreza Kamyab

Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In recent times, the escalating exploitation resulting from population growth has altered land uses/land covers (LULC) and caused the overutilization of natural areas, leading to the decline in ecosystem services. This study aimed to explore the impacts of land use/land cover changes between 1984, 2000, 2010 and 2020 on sediment retention ecosystem service in Golestan Province. The required maps were created using different methods such as using satellite images and downloading from suitable sites. Effective management of land use relies on information obtained from these maps. In this study, the InVEST 3.11.0 software was utilized to create sediment retention ecosystem service maps and their changes over time based on land use changes. The findings revealed that forest areas exhibited the highest sediment retention rates among all land uses surveyed across the four evaluation years. Conversely, urban areas consistently showed the lowest sediment retention rates between 1984 and 2010, but in 2020, bare lands had the lowest amount of sediment retention. Comparing the four evaluation years, it was observed that sediment retention decreased from 1984 to 2000 and 2000 to 2010. However, total trend in sediment retention increased from 2010 to 2020 in Golestan province. The examination of sediment retention levels and their changes over time in response to land use/land cover alterations provides valuable insights for making informed management decisions to optimize land uses for maintaining and enhancing sediment retention.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecosystem services
  • InVEST model
  • . Land use
  • Sediment Retention
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