نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مطالعة ترجیح زیستگاهی گونه‌های همبوم جویبارماهی، Oxynoemacheilus kiabii و Oxynoemacheilus karunensisدر رودخانة الک (حوضة کرخه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

2 گروه شیلات، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2024.371910.2647

چکیده

مدل‌های مبتنی بر آنالیزهای رگرسیونی به‌منظور بیان الگوهای فراوانی و پراکنش جمعیت ماهیان در ارتباط با فاکتورهای محیطی مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. از این‌رو مطالعة حاضر، به‌منظور بررسی مطلوبیت زیستگاه دو گونة همبوم جویبارماهی، Oxynoemacheilus kiabii و Oxynoemacheilus karunensis از رودخانه الک (زیر حوضة رازآور و حوضة کرخه) به‌اجرا درآمد. نمونه‌برداری با استفاده از تور ساچوک در هشت ایستگاه (هرکدام با سه تکرار) صورت گرفت. تعداد 5 متغییر زیستگاهی شامل عرض و عمق رودخانه، شیب بستر، سرعت جریان و میانگین اندازة ذرات بستر اندازه‌گیری و ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مطلوبیت زیستگاه جویبارماهی کیابی به‌صورت عمق رودخانه در محدودة 52>-46 سانتی‌متر، عرض رودخانه 0/9>-0/6 متر، شیب 6/4>-5/8درصد، سرعت جریان 0/58>-0/52 متر بر ثانیه و اندازة ذرات بستر 12>-0 میلی‌متر و برای گونه (O. karunensis) به‌صورت عمق رودخانه در محدودة 16>-10 سانتی‌متر، عرض رودخانه 2/4>-2/1 متر، شیب 2/2>-1/6 درصد، سرعت جریان 0/4>-0/34 متر بر ثانیه و اندازة ذرات بستر 60>-48 میلی‌متر می‌باشد. همچنین بیشترین و کمترین مقادیر SI به‌ترتیب مربوط به دو فاکتور عمق و میانگین اندازة ذرات بستر برای گونة O. kiabi و سرعت جریان و عمق رودخانه (برای گونة O. karunensis) بود. نتایج نشان داد که رودخانة الک زیستگاه مناسبی برای گونه O. karunensis بوده درحالی‌که این رودخانه برای گونه O. kiabii مناسب نمی‌باشد. همچنین رژیم غذایی این دو گونه بررسی شد که نمونه‌هایی از خانواده‌های Chironomidae، Simulidae، Baetidae، Gomphidae و Hydropsychidae در دستگاه گوارش آنها مشاهده گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the habitat preference of two sympatric species,Oxynoemacheilus kiabii and Oxynoemacheilus karunensis from Alk River (Karkheh basin)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Edris Ghaderi 1
  • Atta Mouludi-Saleh 2
  • Soheil Eagderi 2
  • Farshad Moloodi 1
  • Belal Molodinia 1

1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

2 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Models based on regression analyzes are used to express patterns of abundance and distribution of fish populations in relation to environmental parameters. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the habitat suitability indices of Oxynoemacheilus kiabii and O. karunensis from Alk River (sub-basin of Razavar and Karkheh basin). Sampling was done using a hand net in eight stations (each with three replicates). Five habitat variables were measured and recorded, including river width, river depth, bed slope, water velocity, and average bed size. The results showed that the most habitat preference of Kiabi loach is depth in the range of 46-<52 cm, 0.6-<0.9 m width, 5.8-<6.4% slope, and water velocity 0.52-<0.58 m/s and the size of bedrock is 0-<0.12 mm and for O. karunensis was calculated as depth in the range of 10-<16 cm, 2.1-<2.4 m width, 1.6-<2.2% slope, and water velocity 0.34-<4 m/s and the size of bedrock is 48-<60 mm. Also, the highest and lowest SI values for both species O. kiabii and O. karunensis were related to depth and average bed size for O. kiabii and velocity and depth for O. karunensis, respectively. The results showed that Alk River is a suitable habitat for O. karunensis, whereas not suitable habitat for O. kiabii. Examination of the results of their feeding habits and preferences in the digestive system showed that these favorite of fishes are Chironomidae, Simulidae, Baetidae, Gomphidae and Hydropsychidae.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Conservation
  • Endemic species
  • Habitat suitability
  • Stone loach
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 77، ویژه نامه بوم شناسی و مدیریت تنوع زیستی
مرداد 1403
صفحه 213-222